King James Version:
(The Lord speaking is red text)
And by great waters the seed of Sihor, the harvest of the river, [is] her revenue; and she is a mart of nations.
Complete Jewish Bible:
By the great water the grain of Shichor, the harvest of the Nile, brought you profits. She was marketplace for the nations.
Berean Standard Bible:
On the great waters came the grain of Shihor; the harvest of the Nile was the revenue of Tyre; she was the merchant of the nations.
American Standard Version:
And on great waters the seed of the Shihor, the harvest of the Nile, was her revenue; and she was the mart of nations.
KJV with Strong’s Numbers:
And by great{H7227} waters{H4325} the seed{H2233} of Sihor{H7883}, the harvest{H7105} of the river{H2975}, is her revenue{H8393}; and she is a mart{H5505} of nations{H1471}.
Cross-References (KJV):
1 Chronicles 13:5
- So David gathered all Israel together, from Shihor of Egypt even unto the entering of Hemath, to bring the ark of God from Kirjathjearim.
Jeremiah 2:18
- And now what hast thou to do in the way of Egypt, to drink the waters of Sihor? or what hast thou to do in the way of Assyria, to drink the waters of the river?
Joel 3:5
- Because ye have taken my silver and my gold, and have carried into your temples my goodly pleasant things:
Isaiah 19:7
- The paper reeds by the brooks, by the mouth of the brooks, and every thing sown by the brooks, shall wither, be driven away, and be no [more].
Isaiah 23:8
- Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning [city], whose merchants [are] princes, whose traffickers [are] the honourable of the earth?
Deuteronomy 11:10
- For the land, whither thou goest in to possess it, [is] not as the land of Egypt, from whence ye came out, where thou sowedst thy seed, and wateredst [it] with thy foot, as a garden of herbs:
Revelation 18:11
- And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any more:
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Commentary for Isaiah 23:3
Isaiah 23:3 is part of a prophecy concerning the ancient Phoenician city of Tyre, which was a major maritime and trade power in the Mediterranean during the time of the prophet Isaiah (8th century BCE). Tyre was renowned for its strategic location on the coast of what is now Lebanon, and its control over the seas, symbolized by "great waters," allowed it to establish colonies and trade networks throughout the known world.
The verse speaks metaphorically about Tyre's economic prosperity, describing its wealth as the "seed of Sihor," which likely refers to the Nile River, and the "harvest of the river," which could be an allusion to the fertile lands irrigated by the Nile or other significant rivers, indicating that Tyre's trade extended to Egypt and beyond. The mention of "her revenue" underscores the city's financial success derived from this extensive trade.
Furthermore, the verse describes Tyre as "a mart of nations," highlighting its significance as a bustling commercial hub where merchants from various countries converged to exchange goods. This phrase emphasizes Tyre's international influence and its role as a center for global trade, where diverse cultures and economies intersected.
In the broader context of Isaiah 23, this verse contributes to a prophecy that foretells the eventual downfall of Tyre, despite its current prosperity and international status. The chapter as a whole reflects on the transient nature of worldly power and wealth, and serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty over nations and empires. It also speaks to the theme of judgment and the impermanence of human achievements, especially when they are built without regard for divine principles.
*This commentary is produced by Microsoft/WizardLM-2-8x22B AI model
Strong's Numbers and Definitions:
Note: H = Hebrew (OT), G = Greek (NT)
- Strong's Number: H7227
There are 439 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: רַב
Transliteration: rab
Pronunciation: rab
Description: by contracted from רָבַב; abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality); (in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly), captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man, one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold, things, a time), (ship-)master, mighty, more, (too, very) much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous, populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent). - Strong's Number: H4325
There are 525 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: מַיִם
Transliteration: mayim
Pronunciation: mah'-yim
Description: dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense); water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen; [phrase] piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)). - Strong's Number: H2233
There are 205 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: זֶרַע
Transliteration: zeraʻ
Pronunciation: zeh'-rah
Description: from זָרַע; seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity; [idiom] carnally, child, fruitful, seed(-time), sowing-time. - Strong's Number: H7883
There are 4 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: שִׁיחוֹר
Transliteration: Shîychôwr
Pronunciation: shee-khore'
Description: or שִׁחוֹר; or שִׁחֹר; probably from שָׁחַר; dark, i.e. turbid; Shichor, a stream of Egypt; Shihor, Sihor. - Strong's Number: H7105
There are 49 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: קָצִיר
Transliteration: qâtsîyr
Pronunciation: kaw-tseer'
Description: from קָצַר; severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage); bough, branch, harvest (man). - Strong's Number: H2975
There are 48 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: יְאֹר
Transliteration: yᵉʼôr
Pronunciation: yeh-ore'
Description: of Egyptian origin; a channel, e.g. a fosse, canal, shaft; specifically the Nile, as the one river of Egypt, including its collateral trenches; also the Tigris, as the main river of Assyria; brook, flood, river, stream. - Strong's Number: H8393
There are 40 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: תְּבוּאָה
Transliteration: tᵉbûwʼâh
Pronunciation: teb-oo-aw'
Description: from בּוֹא; income, i.e. produce (literally or figuratively); fruit, gain, increase, revenue. - Strong's Number: H5505
There are 3 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: סָחַר
Transliteration: çâchar
Pronunciation: saw-khar'
Description: from סָחַר; an emporium; abstractly, profit (from trade); mart, merchandise. - Strong's Number: H1471
There are 511 instances of this translation in the Bible
Lemma: גּוֹי
Transliteration: gôwy
Pronunciation: go'-ee
Description: rarely (shortened) גֹּי; apparently from the same root as גֵּוָה (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts; Gentile, heathen, nation, people.