The Hebrew word bûwz, represented by H936, is a primitive root meaning to disrespect. It is translated as contemn, despise, and in an idiomatic sense, utterly. This term appears 12 times across 11 unique verses in the Bible, primarily conveying an attitude of contempt or scorn.
In biblical usage, H936 consistently denotes a foolish or sinful rejection of what is valuable. It is frequently used in the book of Proverbs to describe the attitude of a fool toward divine principles. For instance, fools are those who despise wisdom and instruction Proverbs 1:7. This contempt extends to interpersonal relationships, where one who despiseth his neighbour is said to sin Proverbs 14:21, and the one who is void of wisdom despiseth his neighbour Proverbs 11:12. The word also applies to scorning parental authority (Proverbs 23:22, Proverbs 30:17) and rejecting God's word, which leads to destruction Proverbs 13:13. In a unique double usage, it expresses how an offer of wealth for love would be utterly H936 contemned H936 Song of Solomon 8:7.
Several related words help to contextualize the meaning of despising:
- H191 ʼĕvîyl: This word means a fool or silly person. Its connection is direct and explicit in scripture, which states that fools H191 are the ones who despise H936 wisdom and instruction Proverbs 1:7.
- H2638 châçêr: Defined as lacking, void, or destitute, this term describes the internal state of one who despises others. The Bible links this lack directly to contempt, stating that "He that is void H2638 of wisdom despiseth H936 his neighbour" Proverbs 11:12.
- H3932 lâʻag: Meaning to deride or mock, this word is used in parallel with H936 to illustrate profound disrespect for parents. The same eye that mocketh H3932 at a father also despiseth H936 to obey a mother Proverbs 30:17.
The theological weight of H936 is significant, highlighting a disposition that is contrary to godly wisdom and humility.
- Rejection of Authority: To despise the word Proverbs 13:13 or one's parents Proverbs 23:22 is to reject the foundational sources of divine and familial instruction, an act that scripture warns will lead to destruction and severe consequence Proverbs 30:17.
- Contempt for the Humble: The act of despising is contrasted with God's perspective. While men may have despised the "day of small things," God's eyes see it as a cause for rejoicing Zechariah 4:10. This frames human contempt as a failure to see divine value.
- The Mark of a Fool: Despising is consistently presented not as a sign of strength, but of foolishness. Whether it is a fool despising wisdom Proverbs 23:9 or someone void of wisdom despising a neighbour Proverbs 11:12, the act itself is an indicator of a sinful and unwise heart.
In summary, H936 is a key biblical term that defines the active and willful disrespect for wisdom, authority, and other people. Primarily found in wisdom literature, it serves as a warning against the arrogance and foolishness that leads to rejecting God's instruction, scorning one's neighbour, and dishonoring one's parents. The consequences are dire, while the opposite disposition—fearing the commandment and showing mercy—is associated with reward and happiness (Proverbs 13:13, Proverbs 14:21).
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