### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **shimmâmôwn**, represented by `{{H8078}}`, describes a state of **stupefaction** or **astonishment**. Derived from the root word for desolation, it conveys a profound sense of shock or dismay. It is a rare term, appearing only **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible, both within the prophecies of Ezekiel.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H8078}}` is directly tied to the severe judgment pronounced upon Jerusalem. The Lord tells Ezekiel that the people will "drink their water with **astonishment**" [[Ezekiel 4:16]] and [[Ezekiel 12:19]]. This state of shock is a response to extreme scarcity, where food and water are rationed by weight and measure. The astonishment is the result of the land becoming desolate because of the violence of its inhabitants, illustrating the emotional and psychological toll of divine judgment.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide a fuller picture of the context surrounding this astonishment:
* `{{H1674}}` **dᵉʼâgâh** (anxiety; care(-fulness), fear, heaviness, sorrow): This word is paired directly with `{{H8078}}` in both of its appearances. The people eat bread with "carefulness" and drink water with "astonishment," linking the shock to a deep-seated anxiety and fear over their survival ([[Ezekiel 4:16]], [[Ezekiel 12:19]]).
* `{{H3456}}` **yâsham** (to lie waste; be desolate): This term reveals the cause of the astonishment. In Ezekiel's prophecy, the people's shock is a reaction to seeing their land "be desolate" as a consequence of their actions [[Ezekiel 12:19]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H8078}}` is focused on the experiential nature of divine judgment.
* **The Emotional Consequence of Sin:** The word emphasizes that God's judgment is not merely a physical event but a profoundly psychological one. The "astonishment" is the state of mind of those experiencing the consequences of their own violence and disobedience [[Ezekiel 12:19]].
* **A Portrait of Hopelessness:** Paired with rationing, anxiety, and desolation, `{{H8078}}` paints a picture of utter hopelessness. The people are stunned by the severity of their circumstances, forced to consume their meager provisions with a sense of dread and disbelief [[Ezekiel 4:16]].
* **Prophetic Warning:** As part of Ezekiel's prophetic message, the term serves as a stark warning. The prophesied "astonishment" is meant to communicate the shocking reality that will befall the inhabitants of Jerusalem if they do not heed the Lord's word.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H8078}}` is a potent and specific term for the **astonishment** that accompanies catastrophic judgment. Though used only twice, its context within Ezekiel provides a vivid depiction of the shock and stupefaction felt by a people whose land becomes desolate. It powerfully illustrates that the consequences of sin are not just external destruction but also internal, emotional devastation.
TRV