### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **tsânaph**, represented by `{{H6801}}`, is a primitive root with a dual meaning related to wrapping or turning. It appears 3 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible. Its definition includes actions like "to wrap, i.e. roll or dress" and "be attired," but also carries the idiomatic sense of "surely, violently turn."
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The two uses of `{{H6801}}` in scripture present a sharp contrast. In a ceremonial context, it describes the high priest's preparation for service, where "with the linen mitre shall he be **attired**" [[Leviticus 16:4]] as part of putting on holy garments. Conversely, in a prophetic judgment against a prideful official, the word is repeated for emphasis: "He will **surely** violently **turn** and toss thee like a ball" [[Isaiah 22:18]]. This usage shifts the meaning from a dignified dressing to a violent, forceful removal.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the distinct applications of wrapping and turning:
* `{{H4701}}` **mitsnepheth** (a tiara, i.e. official turban (of a king or high priest); diadem, mitre): This is the specific object with which the high priest is **attired** `{{H6801}}`, connecting the word to sacred headwear and office [[Leviticus 16:4]].
* `{{H6802}}` **tsᵉnêphâh** (a ball; [idiom] toss): This noun, derived from **tsânaph**, is used in direct parallel to describe the result of the violent turning, being tossed away [[Isaiah 22:18]].
* `{{H1754}}` **dûwr** (a circle, ball or pile; ball, turn, round about): This word describes the object of the action in Isaiah's prophecy, where the person is turned and tossed "like a **ball**" [[Isaiah 22:18]], reinforcing the imagery of rolling and forceful motion.
### Theological Significance
The conceptual weight of `{{H6801}}` is seen in its portrayal of two opposing destinies:
* **Sacred Attire:** The word is used to describe the final step in the high priest clothing himself in holy garments. To be **attired** with the linen mitre signifies a state of consecration and readiness for holy service before the Lord [[Leviticus 16:4]].
* **Violent Judgment:** In a prophetic context, **tsânaph** depicts a forceful and certain divine judgment. It is used idiomatically to describe being violently turned and cast out, a process that transforms a person's glory into shame [[Isaiah 22:18]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H6801}}` is a dynamic verb whose meaning is defined entirely by its context. It illustrates both a controlled, ceremonial wrapping for the sake of honor and an uncontrolled, violent rolling into disgrace. From the dignified action of being attired for priestly duty to the violent motion of being hurled into exile, **tsânaph** demonstrates how a single Hebrew root can convey both divine appointment and divine judgment.
TRV