The Aramaic word pᵉthay, represented by H6613, is a noun meaning width or breadth. It is derived from a root corresponding to the concept of being open. This specific term is quite rare, appearing only 2 times in 2 unique verses in the Bible, where it is used to describe architectural dimensions.
In its biblical appearances, H6613 is used to specify the measurements of significant structures. In the book of Daniel, it describes the breadth of the golden image that King Nebuchadnezzar erected in the province of Babylon, noting it was six cubits wide Daniel 3:1. It is also used in the book of Ezra, where King Cyrus issues a decree for the rebuilding of the house of God in Jerusalem, specifying its breadth as threescore cubits Ezra 6:3.
One key related word helps provide a fuller dimensional context:
- H7314 rûwm (height): This Aramaic word for altitude or height appears in conjunction with H6613 in both of its occurrences. It is used to give the corresponding vertical measurement for both Nebuchadnezzar's image Daniel 3:1 and the rebuilt house of God Ezra 6:3, establishing a pattern of describing structures by their height and breadth.
The significance of H6613 is found in the contrasting contexts of its usage.
- Defining Monumental Structures: The word is applied exclusively to large-scale constructions intended as focal points. It helps establish the physical scale of both a pagan idol and the temple in Jerusalem.
- Idolatry vs. True Worship: The term's usage highlights a stark contrast. It measures the six-cubit breadth of Nebuchadnezzar's golden image, an object of mandated idolatry Daniel 3:1. It also measures the sixty-cubit breadth of the house of God, the decreed site for legitimate sacrifices Ezra 6:3.
In summary, H6613 is a specific Aramaic term for width or breadth. Although it appears only twice, its usage is notable for defining the physical dimensions of two vastly different structures: an imposing pagan idol and the holy house of God. The word itself is a simple measurement, but its context gives it weight by framing the scale of objects central to the narrative of worship and authority.
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