### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʼêphuddâh**, represented by `{{H642}}`, is the feminine form of אֵפוֹד. It appears **3 times** across **3 unique verses** in the Bible. Its definition points to a girding on, a metal plating, or an ornament.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{H642}}` is used in two distinct contexts. In the book of Exodus, it refers to a component of the "curious girdle of the **ephod**" for the priestly garments, intricately made of **gold** `{{H2091}}`, **blue** `{{H8504}}`, **purple** `{{H713}}`, **scarlet** `{{H8144}}``{{H8438}}`, and **fine twined linen** `{{H7806}}``{{H8336}}` ([[Exodus 28:8]], [[Exodus 39:5]]). In contrast, Isaiah uses the term to describe the **ornament** or plating of a molten image of gold, an idolatrous object destined to be defiled and cast away [[Isaiah 30:22]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the materials and function of the **ʼêphuddâh**:
* `{{H2805}}` **chêsheb** (a belt or strap (as being interlaced); curious girdle): This term is directly associated with `{{H642}}`, as the "curious **girdle** of the ephod" is the specific priestly garment component being described [[Exodus 28:8]].
* `{{H2091}}` **zâhâb** (from an unused root meaning to shimmer; gold, figuratively, something gold-colored): This precious metal is the specified material for the `{{H642}}` in both its sacred use on the ephod and its profane use as an idolatrous **ornament** [[Isaiah 30:22]].
* `{{H4639}}` **maʻăseh** (an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product... work): This word highlights the craftsmanship involved in creating the `{{H642}}`. The curious girdle is to be made "according to the **work** thereof," emphasizing its careful construction [[Exodus 39:5]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H642}}` is found in its contrasting applications.
* **Sacred vs. Profane:** The dual use of `{{H642}}` presents a stark theological contrast. It is used for an element of the holy priestly ephod, commanded by God [[Exodus 39:5]], and also for the **ornament** on a golden idol that must be utterly rejected [[Isaiah 30:22]]. This demonstrates that an object's holiness is derived from its purpose and dedication to God, not its material value.
* **Divine Specification:** The description in Exodus emphasizes that the `{{H642}}` was not just intricately made, but was crafted with specific materials—**gold**, **blue**, **purple**, **scarlet**, and fine linen—as part of a divine command to Moses, highlighting the importance of obedience in worship.
* **Symbol of Attachment:** Defined as "a girding on," `{{H642}}` functions as part of a belt or strap. This suggests an attachment or binding—either the priest being bound for holy service, or the idolatrous plating that must be cast off.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H642}}` is a specific term whose meaning is deeply tied to its context. While it appears only three times, it serves as both a component of the meticulously crafted, holy priestly garments and as the disposable plating on a detestable idol. It illustrates a key biblical principle: the value and sanctity of an object are not found in its rich materials, like **gold**, but in its consecration to the one true God.
TRV