from עָצָה; the spine (as giving firmness to the body); backbone.
Transliteration:ʻâtseh
Pronunciation:aw-tseh'
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word עָצֶה (ʻâtseh), Strong's number `{{H6096}}`, denotes the "spine" or "backbone." Its etymological root is עָצָה (ʻâtsah), which carries the core meaning of "to shut," "to close," or "to be firm" and "strong." This etymological connection is crucial, as it emphasizes the function of the spine not merely as a skeletal component but as the central, firm, and unyielding support structure of the body. The semantic range of ʻâtseh is thus narrow, focusing on this anatomical feature, yet it inherently carries the implication of foundational strength, stability, and structural integrity. It is the unyielding axis around which the body is built and sustained.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term עָצֶה (ʻâtseh) appears only once in the Hebrew Bible, specifically in the book of Job.
* **[[Job 40:16]]**: "Behold now, his strength is in his loins, and his force is in the navel of his belly. He moveth his tail like a cedar: the sinews of his stones are wrapped together. His bones are as strong pieces of brass; his bones are like bars of iron." (KJV, with עָצֶה translated as "backbone" in many other versions, e.g., ESV, NASB, NIV).
In this passage, God is speaking to Job, describing the formidable creature Behemoth as evidence of divine power and intricate design. The mention of Behemoth's ʻâtseh (backbone) highlights its immense physical strength and solidity. The context emphasizes the creature's powerful frame and robust skeletal structure, underscoring that its very core, its backbone, is exceptionally strong. This description serves to magnify the Creator's power, who fashioned such a creature with an unyielding and mighty central support. The singular occurrence, therefore, is not insignificant but rather a potent descriptor within a passage dedicated to revealing God's awesome creative might.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of עָצֶה (ʻâtseh) is enriched by its relationship to other Hebrew terms and concepts:
* **Root עָצָה (ʻâtsah)**: As its direct root, this verb (Strong's `{{H6095}}`) signifies "to shut," "to close," or "to be firm/strong." This reinforces the idea of the backbone as a closed, solid, and inherently strong structure.
* **עֶצֶם (ʻetsem)**: Strong's `{{H6106}}`, meaning "bone," "body," or "substance." While ʻâtseh is specific to the spine, ʻetsem is the general term for bone, and the spine is composed of these bones, emphasizing the material strength.
* **Concepts of Strength and Firmness**: The word naturally aligns with broader biblical themes of strength (חָזָק `{{H2388}}`, חַיִל `{{H2428}}`), stability, and foundational support. In a metaphorical sense, a "backbone" can also refer to moral fortitude or the core strength of an entity. While ʻâtseh itself is used anatomically, its underlying meaning resonates with these broader concepts of integrity and resilience.
### Theological Significance
Despite its single appearance, the theological significance of עָצֶה (ʻâtseh) in [[Job 40:16]] is profound. It serves as a direct testament to the unparalleled power and wisdom of God as Creator. In the grand discourse where God challenges Job's understanding, the description of Behemoth's mighty ʻâtseh emphasizes:
* **Divine Craftsmanship**: God's ability to fashion a creature with such an incredibly strong and robust central structure speaks to His meticulous design and omnipotent skill. The ʻâtseh is not merely a part but the very embodiment of the creature's formidable constitution.
* **Unfathomable Power**: The strength of Behemoth's backbone, described in vivid terms, underscores the immense power infused into creation by God. It is a tangible example of divine might that transcends human comprehension.
* **God's Sovereignty**: By showcasing the strength of His creation, God asserts His absolute sovereignty over all things. No human, and certainly no creature, can rival the power of the One who created the ʻâtseh of Behemoth.
The word, therefore, contributes to the overarching theological argument in Job 38-41 that God's ways and works are beyond human scrutiny and that His wisdom is perfectly displayed in the intricate and powerful design of the natural world.
### Summary
The Hebrew word עָצֶה (ʻâtseh), `{{H6096}}`, refers to the "spine" or "backbone," deriving from a root that signifies firmness and strength. Its sole biblical occurrence in [[Job 40:16]] is highly significant, serving to illustrate the immense physical power and robust design of Behemoth, thereby magnifying God's creative omnipotence. The ʻâtseh represents the foundational strength and structural integrity divinely imparted to creation. Theologically, this unique word powerfully contributes to the biblical assertion of God's unparalleled wisdom, craftsmanship, and unchallengeable sovereignty as demonstrated through the intricate and powerful design inherent in His created order.
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