### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʼănâphâh**, represented by `{{H601}}`, refers to an unclean bird, identified as the **heron**. It is derived from a root suggesting irascibility, and it appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible. Its sole function is to identify a creature forbidden for consumption under Mosaic law.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H601}}` is used exclusively within the legal codes that establish dietary restrictions for the Israelites. It appears in identical lists of unclean birds in both Leviticus and Deuteronomy. In these passages, the **heron** is named alongside other specific birds that are not to be eaten, establishing it as ritually impure ([[Leviticus 11:19]], [[Deuteronomy 14:18]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several other unclean creatures are consistently listed with the heron, defining its context:
* `{{H2624}}` **chăçîydâh** (stork): Defined as the kind (maternal) bird, it is listed directly before the heron in the dietary laws ([[Leviticus 11:19]], [[Deuteronomy 14:18]]).
* `{{H1744}}` **dûwkîyphath** (lapwing): This word, for a bird like the hoopoe or grouse, is named immediately after the heron in both of its occurrences ([[Leviticus 11:19]], [[Deuteronomy 14:18]]).
* `{{H5847}}` **ʻăṭallêph** (bat): The bat concludes the list of unclean flying creatures where the heron is mentioned, solidifying the group of forbidden animals ([[Leviticus 11:19]], [[Deuteronomy 14:18]]).
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H601}}` is tied directly to the Old Testament concepts of holiness and separation.
* **Defining Uncleanness:** The primary role of **ʼănâphâh** is to serve as a clear example of what is considered "unclean" in God's law, contributing to the broader legal framework that set Israel apart from other nations.
* **Divine Command:** Its inclusion in the lists of forbidden animals underscores the specificity of God's commands to His people regarding their daily lives, including their diet [[Leviticus 11:19]].
* **A Symbol of Separation:** By being named among the creatures that must be avoided, the **heron** becomes a symbol of that which is outside the sphere of the holy and is not suitable for consumption by a people called to be consecrated to the LORD [[Deuteronomy 14:18]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H601}}` is a highly specific term for the **heron**, used only to classify it as an unclean bird. Its limited use in Leviticus and Deuteronomy is nonetheless significant, as it plays a direct role in outlining the dietary laws that were a cornerstone of Israel's covenant relationship with God. The word demonstrates how detailed instructions for physical life were used to teach the spiritual principles of holiness and separation.
TRV