The Aramaic word ʻelyôwn, represented by H5946, is a term for the Supreme or Most high. It appears 4 times across 4 unique verses in the Bible. This word is specifically used to denote the ultimate divine authority, particularly in the context of His relationship with His people.
All occurrences of H5946 are found in the book of Daniel, chapter 7. The term is consistently used to form the title "the saints of the most High" Daniel 7:18. These passages describe a conflict where an opposing figure speaks against the most High and persecutes his saints Daniel 7:25. Ultimately, judgment is given in favor of the saints, and they are granted possession of an everlasting kingdom under the authority of the most High (Daniel 7:22, Daniel 7:27).
Several related words provide a fuller context for the authority of the Most High:
- H5943 ʻillay (supreme (i.e. God); (most) high): This Aramaic word is used alongside H5946 to refer to God's supreme status, as when a power speaks "great words against the most High" Daniel 7:25.
- H6922 qaddîysh (holy (One), saint): This word is intrinsically linked to H5946, as all four uses of "most High" appear in the phrase "saints of the most High," identifying God's people Daniel 7:18.
- H4437 malkûw (kingdom, kingly, realm, reign): The purpose of the judgment of the Most High is to give the kingdom to his saints, a central theme in these passages Daniel 7:27.
- H7985 sholṭân (dominion): The authority of the Most High is contrasted with earthly dominions, as the final promise is that "all dominions shall serve and obey him" Daniel 7:27.
The theological significance of H5946 is centered on God's ultimate sovereignty and His relationship with His people.
- Divine Sovereignty: The title "most High" establishes God's supreme authority over all other powers, including those that oppose him and his laws Daniel 7:25. His authority is actualized when the Ancient of days gives judgment Daniel 7:22.
- Identity of God's People: The term is used exclusively to define "the saints." Their identity is tied directly to the God they serve, the most High, setting them apart as His possession Daniel 7:22.
- Promise of Vindication and Inheritance: The context reveals that the saints of the most High will endure persecution but will ultimately be vindicated. They are promised an everlasting kingdom and dominion by decree (Daniel 7:18, Daniel 7:27).
In summary, H5946 ʻelyôwn is a specific Aramaic title for God as the "Most high." Its usage, confined to Daniel 7, is not merely a declaration of God's power but a term that defines the identity and destiny of His saints. It frames a narrative of conflict and persecution that resolves with the "most High" granting an eternal kingdom to His faithful people, solidifying His ultimate and just authority over all dominions.
TRV