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H5916

עָכַר

ʻâkar /aw-kar'/ Ask about this word
a primitive root
properly, to roil water; figuratively, to disturb or affict
trouble, stir.

Word Study

In depth

A plain-language study of ʻâkar — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word ʻâkar, represented by H5916, is a primitive root that means to roil water, or figuratively, to disturb, afflict, and trouble. It appears 14 times across 13 unique verses, often describing an action that brings about severe and widespread negative consequences for an individual, a family, or the entire nation of Israel.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In biblical narratives, H5916 is used to denote a profound and consequential disruption. The most prominent example is Achan, who is labeled the "troubler of Israel" 1 Chronicles 2:7. After Achan's sin, Joshua confronts him, asking, "Why hast thou troubled us? the LORD shall trouble thee this day" Joshua 7:25, illustrating a direct, reciprocal judgment for his actions. Earlier, Jacob accused his sons Simeon and Levi of having "troubled" him, making him "stink among the inhabitants of the land" Genesis 34:30. The term is also central to the confrontation between Elijah and Ahab, where Ahab accuses the prophet of being the one who "troubleth Israel" 1 Kings 18:17, only for Elijah to retort that it is Ahab's house that has brought trouble by forsaking God's law 1 Kings 18:18.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words highlight the causes and effects associated with the act of troubling:

  • H4603 mâʻal (to act covertly, i.e. treacherously; transgress): This word is used to describe the root cause of the trouble Achan brought upon Israel. He is identified as the troubler specifically because he "transgressed in the thing accursed" 1 Chronicles 2:7.
  • H5800 ʻâzab (to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.; ... forsake): Elijah identifies Ahab's act of forsaking God's commandments as the true source of Israel's trouble 1 Kings 18:18. This links abandoning God's law directly to national affliction.
  • H887 bâʼash (to smell bad; figuratively, to be offensive morally): This word is paired with H5916 in Genesis 34:30, where Jacob fears his sons' actions have not only troubled him but also made him "stink" or become odious to his neighbors, endangering his entire house.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of H5916 is significant, often illustrating a direct principle of cause and effect.

  • Consequences of Sin: Actions described by H5916 are consistently linked to sin. Greed "troubleth his own house" Proverbs 15:27, cruelty "troubleth his own flesh" Proverbs 11:17, and disobedience brings trouble upon a nation 1 Kings 18:18.
  • Communal Disturbance: The trouble caused by an individual's sin rarely remains isolated. Achan's transgression troubled the entire "camp of Israel" Joshua 6:18, and Jacob's sons put their whole family at risk of being destroyed Genesis 34:30.
  • Internal Affliction: Beyond external events, the word can describe deep emotional or spiritual turmoil. In a state of silent anguish, the psalmist's "sorrow was stirred" Psalms 39:2. Similarly, Jephthah expresses his profound grief by describing his daughter as one of "them that trouble me" Judges 11:35.

Summary

In summary, H5916 is a powerful term that signifies more than simple annoyance. It describes a severe disruption with destructive consequences that ripple outward from an individual's sin to affect their family and community. The word underscores a core biblical theme: actions that defy God's order or harm others inevitably lead to ruin, turmoil, and judgment for both the community and the troubler.

How the KJV Renders It

Translation

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Grammatical Forms

Morphology

In the Hebrew Old Testament, this word appears as a verb across 14 occurrences, inflected in 10 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form. Select any form to read what each part of its name means, and to filter the occurrence list to it.

  • עֹכֵר
  • נֶעְכָּרֶת
  • נֶעְכָּר
  • עֲכַרְתֶּם
  • יַעְכֳּרְ
  • עֹכְרָ
  • עָכַרְתִּי
  • עֲכַרְתֶּם
  • עֲכַרְתָּ
  • עָכַר

Related Words

Related

Other entries the study above points to — each one is drawn from a reference it makes. Follow the trail to see how the words connect.

Theographic Context

Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Biblical Distribution

Distribution

Appears in 13 verses across 8 of the 39 books. Most frequent in Proverbs (4 verses); never once in the other 31.

1
Genesis
2
Joshua
1
Judges
1
1 Samuel
2
1 Kings
1
1 Chronicles
1
Psalms
4
Proverbs

Every Occurrence

Concordance

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, by grammatical form, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.