### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **ʼumnâm**, represented by `{{H552}}`, is an emphatic term used to express certainty, translated as **verily**, **in (very) deed**, or **of a surety**. As an orthographical variation of a related term, it functions to intensify a statement or question. It is a rare word, appearing only **5 times** in **5 unique verses**, making each of its occurrences significant.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H552}}` consistently appears within questions to highlight a sense of wonder, doubt, or challenge. In Solomon’s prayer of dedication for the temple, he asks, "But will God{H430} **indeed** dwell{H3427} on the earth{H776}?" a question repeated in both accounts ([[1 Kings 8:27]], [[2 Chronicles 6:18]]). This usage expresses awe at the idea of the infinite God inhabiting a finite space. Similarly, when the LORD confronts Abraham about Sarah's disbelief, He repeats her skeptical thought: "Shall I **of a surety** bear a child, which am old?" [[Genesis 18:13]]. The psalmist also uses it as a sharp challenge to corrupt leaders: "Do ye **indeed** speak righteousness{H6664}, O congregation?" [[Psalms 58:1]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the profound questions in which `{{H552}}` is found:
* `{{H3427}}` **yâshab** (to dwell, to remain): This word is central to Solomon's question about God's presence, signifying His willingness to **dwell** among His people in the house they built for Him [[2 Chronicles 6:18]].
* `{{H430}}` **ʼĕlôhîym** (God, gods, judges): This is the primary subject of the questions involving `{{H552}}`. It refers to the supreme God whose vastness is contrasted with the earth [[1 Kings 8:27]] and whose name is invoked in judgment.
* `{{H3201}}` **yâkôl** (to be able): Balak uses this word when he asks Balaam, "am I not **able** indeed to promote thee to honour?" [[Numbers 22:37]], linking the idea of certainty to the assertion of power and capability.
* `{{H6664}}` **tsedeq** (the right, justice, righteousness): This is the standard of justice being questioned in Psalm 58. The use of `{{H552}}` forces a confrontation with whether true **righteousness** is being practiced [[Psalms 58:1]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H552}}` is found in its ability to frame critical questions about the nature of God and humanity.
* **Divine Transcendence vs. Immanence:** In Solomon’s prayer, the word is used to marvel at the mystery of God's presence. While the heavens cannot **contain** `{{H3557}}` Him, He chooses to **dwell** `{{H3427}}` among His people, a truth so profound it must be stated with a tone of wonder [[1 Kings 8:27]].
* **Confronting Injustice:** In Psalm 58, `{{H552}}` functions as a tool of prophetic rebuke. It challenges those in power to consider if their actions align with divine **righteousness** `{{H6664}}` and if they judge **uprightly** `{{H4339}}`.
* **Human Doubt and Divine Certainty:** Sarah's skeptical question in Genesis, "Shall I **of a surety** bear a child?" [[Genesis 18:13]], uses the word to express human limitation and disbelief, which stands in stark contrast to the certainty of God's promise.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H552}}` is far more than a simple adverb of confirmation. It is a powerful rhetorical device used to frame questions of ultimate importance. Whether expressing awe at God's willingness to dwell with humanity, confronting the unrighteousness of powerful men, or highlighting the gap between human doubt and divine promises, **ʼumnâm** forces a deep consideration of what is truly real and certain.
TRV