The Hebrew word nᵉkôth, represented by H5238, refers to precious things. Its definition also suggests spicery or valuables in a general sense. This specific term is quite rare, appearing only 2 times in 2 unique verses in the biblical text.
The usage of H5238 is found exclusively in the narrative of King Hezekiah. In a display of his kingdom's wealth, he showed visitors "the house of his precious things" (2 Kings 20:13, Isaiah 39:2). The verses immediately clarify what these valuables included: "the silver, and the gold, and the spices, and the precious ointment, and all the house of his armour, and all that was found in his treasures". The account emphasizes the completeness of this display, noting there was nothing in his house or dominion that Hezekiah did not show them Isaiah 39:2.
The items listed alongside H5238 help define its meaning and are key terms for wealth in the Old Testament:
- H3701 keçeph (silver; by implication, money): This metal represents monetary wealth and is often paired with gold. Scripture notes that it cannot deliver from God's wrath Zephaniah 1:18 and that spiritual sustenance is available "without money" Isaiah 55:1.
- H2091 zâhâb (gold, figuratively, something gold-colored): As a primary symbol of great wealth and blessing Genesis 24:35, gold is also used metaphorically for something that is tested and refined through trials Job 23:10.
- H1314 besem (fragrance; by implication, spicery): Valued for their scent and rarity, spices were given as royal gifts 1 Kings 10:25 and were associated with the beauty of a garden Song of Solomon 4:16.
- H214 ʼôwtsâr (a depository; store(-house), treasure(-house) (-y)): This word refers to the storehouses where valuables are kept. While Hezekiah showed off his physical treasures Isaiah 39:2, the Lord promises to open His "good treasure" from heaven Deuteronomy 28:12 and identifies the fear of the Lord as a treasure Isaiah 33:6.
The theological context of H5238 is centered on the nature and peril of material riches.
- Pride in Material Wealth: The word appears solely in a story about King Hezekiah's pride. His decision to reveal all his precious things 2 Kings 20:13 is presented as a significant act of flaunting his kingdom's material strength.
- Defining Royal Treasure: The list associated with H5238 provides a clear definition of a king's fortune, comprising precious metals like silver H3701 and gold H2091, valuable commodities like spices H1314, and military assets like armour H3627 Isaiah 39:2.
- The Limit of Earthly Valuables: The broader scriptural context contrasts these physical treasures with spiritual realities. Though valued by kings, silver H3701 and gold H2091 are ultimately powerless to save Zephaniah 1:18. Scripture emphasizes that what is truly good H2896 is to do justly and walk humbly with God Micah 6:8.
In summary, H5238 nᵉkôth is a specific term for precious things used exclusively to describe the contents of King Hezekiah's treasury. It encapsulates the full range of a king's material assets, from precious metals and spices to military equipment. The narrative serves as a focused illustration of earthly wealth, which other scriptures contrast with the greater value of spiritual treasure and obedience to God.
TRV