### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **maqtsuʻâh**, represented by `{{H4741}}`, refers to a **scraper, i.e. a carving chisel; plane**. It appears **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the Bible. This term identifies a specific woodworking tool used by a craftsman for shaping and smoothing materials.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{H4741}}` is in [[Isaiah 44:13]], within a detailed description of an idol's creation. A **carpenter** `{{H2796}}` is shown using a variety of tools to fashion a block of **wood** `{{H6086}}` into a human form. He uses a rule, a line, and a compass, and specifically "fitteth it with **planes**" `{{H4741}}`. The purpose of this meticulous work is to create an object in the "figure of a man" `{{H8403}}` that will then "remain in the house" (`{{H3427}}`, `{{H1004}}`) as an object of worship.
### Related Words & Concepts
The context of `{{H4741}}` is illuminated by several related words that describe the process of fabrication and its subject:
* `{{H2796}}` **chârâsh** (craftsman): This word identifies the artisan who wields the plane. It often describes a fabricator of materials, including those who make graven images, which are an abomination to the LORD [[Deuteronomy 27:15]].
* `{{H8403}}` **tabnîyth** (figure, form, likeness, pattern, similitude): This term defines the end product for which the plane is used—a specific model or resemblance. It appears in warnings against making an image of any figure [[Deuteronomy 4:16]] but is also used for the divinely instructed patterns of the tabernacle [[Exodus 25:40]].
* `{{H6213}}` **ʻâsâh** (to do or make): This is the verb for the act of creation. While God is the ultimate maker who made the heaven and the earth [[Jeremiah 32:17]], the term is also used for the human act of fashioning an object, as seen in the passage where the plane is mentioned [[Isaiah 44:13]].
* `{{H120}}` **ʼâdâm** (a human being): This word describes the form the craftsman is imitating. The idol is made according to the "beauty of a **man**," highlighting the irony of a human creating a god in his own image [[Isaiah 44:13]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4741}}` is derived entirely from its singular, powerful context criticizing idolatry.
* **Human Artifice vs. Divine Power:** The mention of the plane is part of a deliberate, step-by-step illustration of human effort. It emphasizes the foolishness of a **craftsman** `{{H2796}}` laboring to create a god, contrasting human work with the power of the uncreated God.
* **The Futility of Idolatry:** The meticulous process of shaping with **planes** serves to expose the absurdity of worshipping a man-made object. This object is fashioned in the image of **man** `{{H120}}`, a being who is himself described as "brutish in his knowledge" when creating graven images [[Jeremiah 10:14]].
* **Tangible Effort for an Empty Result:** The plane represents the physical labor invested in crafting a false deity. The resulting figure is carefully shaped and placed in a **house** `{{H1004}}`, yet the scripture states such images are ultimately "falsehood, and there is no breath in them" [[Jeremiah 10:14]].
### Summary
In summary, **maqtsuʻâh** `{{H4741}}` is more than just a woodworking tool. Though appearing only once, its placement within Isaiah's polemic against idolatry gives it significant theological weight. It serves as a symbol of the detailed, yet ultimately futile, human effort to create objects of worship. The use of the plane highlights the stark contrast between the physical craft of man and the infinite, creative power of God.
TRV