### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **machălôqeth**, represented by `{{H4256}}`, refers to a **division**, **course**, **portion**, or **company**. Derived from the root word meaning "to apportion," it appears 43 times across 36 verses. The term is primarily used to describe the systematic organization of people—such as Levites, priests, or soldiers—and the allocation of land.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{H4256}}` is central to the establishment of order in Israel. After the conquest of Canaan, Joshua gave the land to Israel as an inheritance "according to their **divisions** by their tribes" [[Joshua 11:23]]. Later, King David organized the sons of Levi into **courses** [[1 Chronicles 23:6]] to ensure structured worship. This principle of organization also extended to the military, where captains and their men served the king in rotating monthly **courses** [[1 Chronicles 27:1]], demonstrating a structured approach to both civil and religious life.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the meaning and application of `{{H4256}}`:
* `{{H2505}}` **châlaq** (to divide, apportion): As the root of `{{H4256}}`, this verb signifies the act of separation and distribution. It is used when David **divided** the sons of Levi into courses [[1 Chronicles 23:6]].
* `{{H5656}}` **ʻăbôdâh** (service, work): This term defines the purpose for which the divisions were established. The priestly courses were appointed to their **service** as the duty of every day required [[2 Chronicles 8:14]].
* `{{H3548}}` **kôhên** (priest): This identifies a primary group organized by these divisions. The **courses** of the **priests** and Levites were established for all the service of the house of God [[1 Chronicles 28:21]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H4256}}` highlights God's emphasis on order and function within the covenant community.
* **Divine Order and Administration:** The establishment of courses for priests, Levites, and even porters reflects a divinely sanctioned structure. These were implemented according to the command of David, the "man of God," to ensure everything was done decently and in order [[2 Chronicles 8:14]].
* **Systematic Worship:** The divisions ensured that the sacred duties of the house of the LORD were performed continuously and faithfully. They were appointed to **minister**, **praise**, and give thanks in their designated roles, ensuring the service was always prepared ([[2 Chronicles 31:2]], [[2 Chronicles 35:10]]).
* **Covenantal Inheritance:** The term's use in the distribution of the Promised Land connects it directly to God's faithfulness. The land was divided by lot, with these **portions** representing the fulfillment of God's promise to the tribes of Israel [[Ezekiel 48:29]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4256}}` is far more than a term for simple grouping. It embodies the biblical principle of divine order applied to the national, military, and religious life of Israel. From apportioning the land as an inheritance to organizing the daily service in God’s house, it signifies that every group and every portion has a designated place and function within God's structured and purposeful plan.
TRV