The Hebrew word machlâphâh, represented by H4253, is defined as a lock or a ringlet of hair. This term is highly specific, appearing only 2 times across 2 unique verses in the Bible, both within the same narrative. Its meaning is derived from the idea of hair gliding over each other to form a lock.
In its biblical appearances, H4253 is exclusively used to describe the hair of Samson. In one instance, Samson tells Delilah that if she weaves the seven locks of his head with the web, he will become weak Judges 16:13. This instruction is later acted upon when Delilah has a man shave off the seven locks of his head while he sleeps, which causes his great strength to depart from him Judges 16:19.
Several related words provide context for the significance of Samson's locks:
- H7218 rôʼsh (head): This term, appearing in both verses alongside H4253, denotes the literal head as the location of the locks (Judges 16:13, Judges 16:19). Figuratively, it can refer to a chief, a beginning, or the top, such as God being exalted as head above all 1 Chronicles 29:11.
- H7651 shebaʻ (seven): This word specifies the number of Samson's locks (Judges 16:13, Judges 16:19). As a sacred and full number, it is used throughout scripture to denote completeness or a divinely appointed measure, such as the seven ways an enemy will flee Deuteronomy 28:7 or the seven things the LORD hates Proverbs 6:16.
The theological weight of H4253 is concentrated entirely within the Samson narrative.
- Symbol of Consecrated Strength: The locks are not merely hair but the physical representation of Samson's unique, God-given strength. Their removal is the direct cause of his power leaving him Judges 16:19.
- The Significance of Seven: The specific number of seven locks Judges 16:13 employs H7651, a number symbolic of sacred fullness. This suggests that Samson's strength was complete and divinely ordained, a concept echoed in passages like Job's deliverance from seven troubles Job 5:19.
- The Head as a Source: The locks are on the head H7218, a word used to signify the source, beginning, or chief part of something. Just as God is the head over all 1 Chronicles 29:11, Samson's head was the consecrated source of his physical prowess.
In summary, H4253 machlâphâh is a highly specific term for a 'lock' of hair, used exclusively in the story of Samson. While appearing only twice, its importance is amplified by its association with the head H7218 as a source of power and the number seven H7651 as a symbol of divine completeness. The narrative of Samson's locks powerfully illustrates how a tangible, physical feature can embody a sacred vow and supernatural strength.
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