### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kebesh**, represented by `{{H3534}}`, refers to a **footstool**. It appears only once in the entire Bible, and its base definition suggests an object that is "trodden upon". This singular use provides a specific and vivid picture of an item associated with royalty and rest, stemming from its root word which implies subduing or treading down.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{H3534}}` is in the detailed description of King Solomon's great throne. The verse states, "And there were six{H8337} steps{H4609} to the throne{H3678}, with a **footstool**{H3534} of gold{H2091}, which were fastened{H270} to the throne{H3678}" [[2 Chronicles 9:18]]. This places the word in a context of immense wealth, power, and royal splendor, where it functions as an integral part of the seat of the king, alongside lions and stays made of precious materials.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its only context help build the picture of royal majesty:
* `{{H3678}}` **kiççêʼ** (throne): This is the central object to which the footstool is attached. A throne is a symbol of authority, used for both human kings like David [[Isaiah 9:7]] and for God Himself in heaven [[Isaiah 6:1]].
* `{{H2091}}` **zâhâb** (gold): The footstool was made of this precious metal, signifying immense value and splendor. Gold is often associated with wealth [[Genesis 24:35]] and that which is tried and pure [[Job 23:10]].
* `{{H4609}}` **maʻălâh** (step): The throne was approached by steps, which denotes "elevation" and a "superiority of station". This reinforces the theme of the king's exalted position, a concept also seen in the titles of certain Psalms, the "Song of degrees" [[Psalms 122:1]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H3534}}` is derived entirely from its symbolic placement.
* **Symbol of Dominion:** As an object "trodden upon," a footstool inherently represents subjection and dominion. Its inclusion as part of Solomon's royal throne [[2 Chronicles 9:18]] is a physical depiction of a king's authority over his subjects and kingdom.
* **Earthly Reflection of Divine Authority:** While `kebesh` refers to a physical object, the imagery mirrors divine concepts. The throne `{{H3678}}` is a key biblical symbol of God's rule, and God himself refers to the earth as His footstool [[Isaiah 66:1]]. Solomon's magnificent throne and footstool serve as an earthly picture of this ultimate heavenly government.
* **Position of Rest and Judgment:** The footstool is attached to the "sitting{H3427} place{H4725}" of the king [[2 Chronicles 9:18]]. The word for sitting, **yâshab** `{{H3427}}`, also means to "dwell" or "remain," often in the context of a judge. The footstool therefore supports a monarch in a position of established rest and secure dominion.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{H3534}}` is an exceptionally rare word, its single appearance offers a powerful and concrete symbol. It is more than just a piece of furniture; it is an emblem of subjection, dominion, and restful authority. The **kebesh** illustrates how a specific physical detail in the description of an earthly king's throne can reflect the profound theological themes of divine kingship and God's ultimate sovereignty.
TRV