### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **chăthath**, represented by `{{H2866}}`, is a term for **dismay; casting down**. This specific word is exceptionally rare, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** within the biblical text. Its singular usage provides a focused and powerful snapshot of a state of utter collapse and distress.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{H2866}}` is in the book of Job, where Job confronts his friends. He states, "For now ye are nothing; ye see my **casting down**, and are afraid" [[Job 6:21]]. In this context, **chăthath** describes the calamitous state that Job's friends witness. It is not merely a setback, but a complete downfall that is so severe it provokes fear in those who behold it, encapsulating the extremity of Job's suffering.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of `{{H2866}}` is illuminated by the words used alongside it in its only context:
* `{{H7200}}` **râʼâh** (to see, literally or figuratively; behold, perceive): In Job's accusation, his friends "see" his casting down. This word signifies more than just literal sight; it can mean to perceive or consider. The friends perceive Job's condition, which leads to their fearful reaction [[Job 6:21]]. The Bible often contrasts this kind of human seeing with how God sees the heart [[1 Samuel 16:7]].
* `{{H3372}}` **yârêʼ** (to fear; morally, to revere; be afraid, dread): This is the direct response to seeing Job's "casting down" [[Job 6:21]]. While it describes the friends' fear of Job's situation, this same word is frequently used to command reverence for God, who is described as "fearful in praises" [[Exodus 15:11]] and who tells his people not to fear their circumstances [[Genesis 15:1]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H2866}}` is tied directly to its context in Job's trial of faith.
* **The Nature of Calamity:** The term **casting down** powerfully illustrates the physical and social collapse experienced by Job. Its presence highlights a state of affliction so profound that it becomes a test for both the sufferer and the observer.
* **A Test of Fear:** The "casting down" `{{H2866}}` creates a pivotal moment that reveals what Job's friends truly fear. They are afraid `{{H3372}}` of his suffering, demonstrating a human fear of worldly disaster. This stands in stark contrast to the reverential fear of God, which is meant to overcome the fear of any earthly trouble [[Psalms 23:4]].
* **Superficial vs. Spiritual Sight:** The friends see `{{H7200}}` the external ruin of Job. Their reaction of fear suggests they failed to perceive any deeper spiritual reality or divine purpose, seeing only the terrifying "casting down" before them.
### Summary
In summary, **chăthath** `{{H2866}}` is a precise and potent word whose meaning is defined by its single, dramatic appearance. It signifies a "casting down" so complete that it inspires fear in those who see it. While it describes Job's devastating circumstances, its true significance lies in how it frames the human response to suffering, forcing a choice between fearing worldly calamity and having reverential faith in God.
TRV