### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Aramaic word **zûwaʻ**, represented by `{{H2112}}`, is defined as **to shake (with fear); tremble**. This term appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible. It is an Aramaic word that corresponds to a Hebrew root, specifically denoting a physical response of shaking that is prompted by fear or awe.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H2112}}` is found exclusively in the book of Daniel to describe the reaction to immense power. It is used to characterize the fear that "all people, nations, and languages" felt before a mighty human king, whose majesty was so great that they **trembled** and feared before him [[Daniel 5:19]]. The word is also used in a royal decree commanding that all men in the kingdom must **tremble** and fear before the God of Daniel, who is recognized as the living, steadfast, and eternal God [[Daniel 6:26]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Aramaic words provide context for the meaning of **zûwaʻ**:
* `{{H1763}}` **dᵉchal** (to fear, be dreadful, terrible): This word is paired directly with `{{H2112}}` in both of its occurrences, creating the emphatic phrase "tremble and fear" ([[Daniel 5:19]], [[Daniel 6:26]]). It also describes the terrifying nature of the fourth beast in Daniel's vision [[Daniel 7:7]].
* `{{H1934}}` **hâvâʼ** (to exist, be, become, tremble): This versatile verb is used to form the state of trembling in the biblical text. In both instances, it appears with `{{H2112}}` to mean "men **tremble**" or "they **trembled**" [[Daniel 6:26]]. Its broad usage is seen elsewhere, such as in the declaration, "**be it** known unto thee, O king" [[Daniel 3:18]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H2112}}` is demonstrated through its specific context in Daniel.
* **Reverence for Power:** The word is applied to both a human monarch and to God, highlighting a biblical theme of power and the proper response to it. It is first used to describe fear of a man [[Daniel 5:19]] and later in a decree demanding that same level of reverence for God [[Daniel 6:26]].
* **Physical Response to God's Majesty:** By describing a physical "shaking," the term emphasizes that the reverence due to God is not merely an abstract concept but a visceral, overwhelming reaction to His status as the "living God" whose kingdom "shall not be destroyed" [[Daniel 6:26]].
* **Awe and Fear:** The consistent pairing of **zûwaʻ** (tremble) with **dᵉchal** (fear) signifies a complete and profound sense of awe. This combination captures both the internal emotion of fear and the external, physical manifestation of trembling.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H2112}}` is a potent but rare Aramaic term that captures the physical act of trembling in response to overwhelming authority. Its focused use within the book of Daniel serves to contrast the fear commanded by powerful earthly rulers with the ultimate and rightful reverence owed to the one, eternal God. The word powerfully illustrates a tangible reaction to supreme majesty, whether human or divine.
TRV