### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **halmûwth**, represented by `{{H1989}}`, means **hammer** or mallet. Derived from the root word for striking down, `{{H1986}}` **hâlam**, its meaning is direct and forceful. It appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible, making its single appearance a moment of dramatic and decisive action.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{H1989}}` is found in the Song of Deborah, which recounts the defeat of Sisera. Jael uses a "workmen's **hammer**" as a weapon to execute the enemy commander. The verse provides a vivid sequence of events: "She put her hand to the nail, and her right hand to the workmen's **hammer**; and with the hammer she smote Sisera, she smote off his head, when she had pierced and stricken through his temples" [[Judges 5:26]]. In this context, the **hammer** is not merely a tool but the specific instrument of a violent and final judgment.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of `{{H1989}}` is further illuminated by the words used alongside it in its only appearance:
* `{{H1986}}` **hâlam** (to strike down; smite with the hammer): This is the root verb from which **halmûwth** is derived. It describes the precise action performed with the hammer—a powerful, downward strike. This action is used to describe breaking down enemies or structures [[Isaiah 16:8]].
* `{{H3489}}` **yâthêd** (a peg; nail): This is the object driven by the **hammer** in the narrative of Jael and Sisera [[Judges 5:26]]. The use of a tent **nail** and a workman's hammer together highlights the domestic, non-military nature of the weapons.
* `{{H6001}}` **ʻâmêl** (toiling; a laborer; workman): This word describes the type of hammer used, a "workmen's **hammer**." It specifies the tool as one of labor, not of a soldier, emphasizing that a common implement was used to achieve a great military victory.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H1989}}` is concentrated entirely in its single, powerful use.
* **Instrument of Divine Judgment:** The **hammer** is the physical tool through which God's judgment on Sisera, an enemy of Israel, is delivered. Jael's act is celebrated as a righteous victory for God's people.
* **Strength in the Unexpected:** The use of a "workmen's **hammer**" by a woman, Jael, to defeat a powerful warrior symbolizes God's power to work through unconventional and humble means to achieve His purposes.
* **Symbol of Decisive Action:** The **hammer** represents finality. The actions associated with it—smiting, piercing, and striking through—leave no doubt as to the complete and irreversible defeat of the enemy, as described in [[Judges 5:26]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H1989}}` **halmûwth** is a term whose significance is defined by its singular, dramatic context. While simply meaning **hammer**, its appearance in [[Judges 5:26]] transforms it from a common laborer's tool into a symbol of divine retribution and the power of the unexpected. Wielded by Jael, it becomes the instrument that brings a decisive and violent end to Israel's oppressor, demonstrating that God can use any means to enact His will.
TRV