The Greek word áphesis, represented by G859, means freedom or, figuratively, pardon. It is translated as deliverance, forgiveness, liberty, and remission. It appears 17 times across 16 unique verses in the Bible. This term encompasses both the release from a state of bondage, such as captivity, and the pardon granted for offenses, specifically the remission of sins.
In scripture, G859 is used to announce both physical and spiritual freedom. In his first sermon, Jesus proclaims his mission is to "preach deliverance to the captives" and set at "liberty" the bruised, highlighting a release from oppression Luke 4:18. More frequently, it signifies the forgiveness or remission of sins G266. This is presented as a cornerstone of the gospel message, available through Christ's name Acts 10:43. The connection between redemption and pardon is made explicit in passages stating that in Christ "we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins" (Ephesians 1:7; Colossians 1:14).
Several related words clarify the context and meaning of G859:
- G266 hamartía (a sin): This word is consistently paired with G859, as the object which requires forgiveness. The call to repent is "for the remission of sins" Acts 2:38.
- G3341 metánoia (repentance): This is presented as a prerequisite for receiving remission. John preached "the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins" Mark 1:4, a message Jesus commanded to be preached to all nations Luke 24:47.
- G130 haimatekchysía (an effusion of blood): This term establishes the sacrificial basis for remission. Scripture states unequivocally that "without shedding of blood is no remission" Hebrews 9:22.
The theological weight of G859 is central to the gospel.
- The Proclaimed Message: The concept of forgiveness is not a hidden doctrine but a public proclamation. Jesus was anointed to "preach deliverance" Luke 4:18, and He commissioned his followers to preach "repentance and remission of sins" in his name to all nations Luke 24:47.
- The Condition of Faith: Receiving this remission is linked to faith and repentance. Peter commands his listeners to "Repent" for the remission of sins Acts 2:38, and also states that "whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins" Acts 10:43.
- The Cost of Pardon: Forgiveness is not granted without a cost. It is inextricably linked to Christ's sacrifice. His blood of the new testament was shed "for the remission of sins" Matthew 26:28, and Hebrews confirms that "without shedding of blood is no remission" Hebrews 9:22.
In summary, G859 carries profound significance beyond a simple pardon. It represents a complete release—from bondage to liberty, from oppression to deliverance, and from the guilt of sin to divine forgiveness. This remission is the freely offered, yet costly, gift at the heart of the Christian message, made possible through the shed blood of Christ and received through repentance and faith.
TRV