### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **árchōn**, represented by `{{G758}}`, is a term for a **ruler**, **prince**, or one who is first in rank or power. It appears **37 times** across **36 unique verses** in the Bible. This term is applied to a wide spectrum of figures, encompassing civil magistrates, religious officials, supernatural entities, and Christ himself, highlighting its significance in describing structures of authority.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G758}}` is used to identify various forms of leadership. It refers to secular rulers, such as a **magistrate** in a legal dispute [[Luke 12:58]] and the **princes** of the Gentiles who exercise dominion [[Matthew 20:25]]. It also denotes religious leaders, including Jairus, a **ruler** of the synagogue [[Luke 8:41]], and Nicodemus, a **ruler** of the Jews [[John 3:1]]. Significantly, the term is applied to hostile spiritual powers; Satan is referred to as the **prince** of this world [[John 12:31]] and the **prince** of the devils [[Matthew 9:34]]. In contrast, Christ is given the ultimate title, the **prince** of the kings of the earth [[Revelation 1:5]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words expand on the concepts of rulership and authority:
* `{{G1849}}` **exousía** (privilege... mastery... authority): This word often describes the authority wielded by a **ruler** `{{G758}}`. Satan is the "prince of the **power** of the air" [[Ephesians 2:2]], and believers are advised not to fear the **power** of earthly rulers [[Romans 13:3]].
* `{{G1348}}` **dikastḗs** (a judger): This term for a judge appears alongside **ruler** when the Israelites questioned Moses' authority, asking, "Who made thee a **ruler** and a **judge**?" ([[Acts 7:27]], [[Acts 7:35]]).
* `{{G1140}}` **daimónion** (a dæmonic being... devil): The authority of a demonic **prince** `{{G758}}` is defined by his command over **devils**. Jesus was accused of casting out **devils** by the "prince of the devils" [[Matthew 12:24]].
* `{{G2634}}` **katakyrieúō** (to lord against, i.e. control, subjugate): This verb describes the action of Gentile **princes** `{{G758}}` who **exercise dominion over** their subjects [[Matthew 20:25]].
* `{{G954}}` **Beelzeboúl** (dung-god; Beelzebul, a name of Satan): This name is used for the **prince** `{{G758}}` of the devils when the Pharisees accused Jesus [[Matthew 12:24]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G758}}` is significant, establishing a hierarchy of power and authority.
* **Earthly Authority:** The term is used for human leaders, both secular and religious. Scripture acknowledges their station, stating one should not speak evil of the **ruler** of the people [[Acts 23:5]]. However, these same **rulers** can act in ignorance or opposition to God's plan, as seen when they gathered against the Lord [[Acts 4:26]] and condemned Christ [[Acts 13:27]].
* **Spiritual Adversary:** `{{G758}}` is a key title for Satan, identifying him as the "prince of this world" [[John 14:30]] and the "prince of the power of the air" [[Ephesians 2:2]]. This defines his domain and influence over the world system, and scripture declares that this **prince** is judged [[John 16:11]].
* **Christ's Supremacy:** The title is ultimately used to elevate Christ, who is the "prince of the kings of the earth" [[Revelation 1:5]]. This demonstrates His supreme authority over every other earthly and spiritual ruler, establishing his preeminence.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G758}}` **árchōn** is a multifaceted term that defines leadership and power across different realms. It moves from describing earthly officials like a **magistrate** or a synagogue **ruler** to identifying the spiritual conflict with Satan, the "prince of this world." Ultimately, it culminates in expressing the supreme and final authority of Jesus Christ, the **prince** over all kings, anchoring the biblical concept of true power in him.
TRV