The Greek word árōma, represented by G759, refers to an aromatic or (sweet) spice. Its definition is derived from a word meaning "to send off scent." This specific term is used infrequently in the New Testament, appearing only 4 times across 4 unique verses, with all occurrences directly related to a single event.
In the biblical narrative, G759 is exclusively associated with the burial preparations for Jesus Christ. Following his crucifixion, women including Mary Magdalene and Salome bought sweet spices G759 to anoint his body after the sabbath had passed Mark 16:1. They brought these prepared spices to the tomb early on the first day of the week Luke 24:1. The act of preparing these aromatics is a key part of the passion narrative, with the women preparing spices and ointments before resting on the sabbath Luke 23:56. The use of G759 was a component of traditional Jewish burial rites, as Jesus's body was wound in linen cloths with the spices "as the manner of the Jews is to bury" John 19:40.
Several related words provide a fuller context for the use of G759:
- G2090 hetoimázō (to prepare, provide, make ready): This verb is directly linked to G759 in the accounts of the women who prepared the spices for Jesus's body (Luke 23:56, Luke 24:1). This same word is used elsewhere for the divine preparation of the kingdom Matthew 25:34 and a place for believers John 14:2.
- G3464 mýron (perfumed oil, ointment): This word appears alongside G759 in the statement that the women prepared "spices and ointments" Luke 23:56. It specifies the type of fragrant preparation used for anointing and is also seen when Mary anoints Jesus's feet with costly ointment John 12:3.
The theological weight of G759 is found in its specific, focused application within the story of Christ's death.
- An Act of Devotion: The purchase and preparation of spices was an act of profound love and honor toward Jesus by his female followers. They sought to perform a final act of service for him, even after his death Mark 16:1.
- Adherence to Custom: The use of spices was part of the established burial customs of the time, as explicitly stated in John's gospel John 19:40. This roots the event in a tangible, historical, and religious practice.
- A Sign of Preparation: The spices were prepared G2090 for a burial. The use of this particular verb, which also describes God preparing a kingdom and a place for his people, adds a layer of significance to the women's actions as they unknowingly prepared for the pivotal moment of the resurrection.
In summary, G759 is a term with a narrow but poignant application in scripture. As árōma, or spice, it appears only in the context of Jesus's burial. It represents a tangible expression of love and devotion from his followers, their adherence to Jewish tradition, and their role in preparing for the events that would culminate in the resurrection. Though limited in its frequency, the word is indispensable to the passion narrative, capturing a moment of tender care before the triumph of the empty tomb.
TRV