The Greek word agōnía, represented by G74, describes a state of struggle or anguish. It is a highly specific term, appearing just 1 time in 1 unique verse in the Bible. Its singular use provides a powerful and focused snapshot of intense suffering.
The sole appearance of G74 is in the account of Jesus praying before his crucifixion. Luke describes Jesus "being in an agony" as he prayed more earnestly Luke 22:44. This state of anguish was so profound that it was accompanied by a physical reaction: his sweat G2402 became like great drops G2361 of blood G129 falling to the ground G1093. The term is used to define the immense distress Jesus experienced in that moment.
The context of this singular occurrence is enriched by several related words:
- G4336 proseúchomai (to pray to God): This is the action Jesus was performing while in a state of G74 agony, highlighting that his struggle was expressed through prayer Luke 22:44.
- G1617 ektenésteron (more intently): This adverb modifies the act of prayer, showing that the agony intensified his supplication Luke 22:44.
- G2402 hidrṓs (perspiration): This word for sweat is used to describe the physical effect of the agony, linking the internal anguish to an external sign Luke 22:44.
- G129 haîma (blood): The comparison of his sweat to drops of blood graphically illustrates the severity of the struggle Jesus endured Luke 22:44.
The theological weight of G74 is concentrated entirely on its single use to describe Christ's suffering.
- The Intensity of Atonement: The use of agony shows the profound spiritual and emotional weight Jesus bore in anticipation of the cross. His prayer was not casual but was offered "more earnestly" G1617 in a state of deep anguish Luke 22:44.
- The Humanity of Christ: The word, defined as a "struggle," reveals the genuine human experience of Jesus. He faced this moment not with detached stoicism but with profound distress that manifested physically Luke 22:44.
- Prayer in Anguish: The fact that Jesus "prayed" G4336 while "in an agony" G74 serves as a model of turning to God amidst the deepest of struggles, demonstrating submission even in anguish.
In summary, G74 agōnía is a rare but critically important word. Its single appearance in scripture captures the unparalleled anguish of Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane. It vividly portrays a struggle so intense that it produced physical effects, linking the spiritual weight of his impending sacrifice to a real, human experience of agony and earnest prayer Luke 22:44. The word provides a glimpse into the depth of Christ's suffering.
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