### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **apokóptō**, represented by `{{G609}}`, means **to amputate** or **cut off**. It appears 9 times across 6 unique verses in the Bible. The term is used to describe a decisive and often violent act of separation, ranging from the literal amputation of a body part to the cutting of ropes.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G609}}` is used in several distinct contexts. Jesus uses it hyperbolically, instructing followers to **cut off** a hand or foot that causes them to sin, emphasizing the need for radical separation from evil to enter into life ([[Mark 9:43]], [[Mark 9:45]]). In a literal sense, it describes Peter's violent act of using a sword to **cut off** the ear of the high priest's servant, Malchus ([[John 18:10]], [[John 18:26]]). It is also used in a non-violent, practical context, where soldiers **cut off** the ropes of a boat [[Acts 27:32]]. Finally, Paul uses the word ironically, wishing that those who were troubling the Galatians would **cut** themselves **off** [[Galatians 5:12]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Two related words appear alongside `{{G609}}` in the narrative of Peter's attack on Malchus:
* `{{G1670}}` **helkýō** (to drag... draw): This word describes the action immediately preceding the use of `{{G609}}`. Peter first had to **draw** his sword from its sheath before he could cut off the servant's ear [[John 18:10]].
* `{{G3817}}` **paíō** (to hit... smite, strike): This describes the blow Peter delivered. After drawing his sword, he **smote** the servant, which resulted in him cutting off the ear [[John 18:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G609}}` is demonstrated through its varied applications:
* **Radical Discipleship:** In the Gospel of Mark, the command to **cut off** a limb serves as a powerful metaphor for the extreme measures required to remove sin from one's life. It highlights the seriousness of sin and the value of eternal life over temporal comfort ([[Mark 9:43]], [[Mark 9:45]]).
* **Misguided Human Action:** Peter's use of force in the garden, culminating in cutting off an ear, illustrates a carnal response to a spiritual conflict. His action to **cut off** Malchus's ear stands in contrast to the path of suffering Jesus was willingly taking [[John 18:10]].
* **Apostolic Condemnation:** Paul employs the term with severe irony in his letter to the Galatians. His desire for the troublemakers to **cut** themselves **off** is a form of rhetorical condemnation, expressing his profound opposition to their legalistic teachings [[Galatians 5:12]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G609}}` is a forceful word signifying a complete and decisive separation. While it can denote a literal action, such as cutting ropes or a part of the body, its greater significance is found in its metaphorical uses. It serves as a command for radical spiritual purity, an illustration of misplaced human zeal, and a tool for sharp apostolic rebuke. The word's application shows how a simple act of cutting can convey profound theological truths about sin, discipleship, and church conflict.
TRV