The Greek word hōsaútōs, represented by G5615, means as thus, i.e. in the same way. It appears 17 times across 17 unique verses in the Bible. Translated as "likewise," "even so," or "after the same manner," it serves to connect a new statement to a preceding one, indicating similarity in action, instruction, or consequence.
In scripture, G5615 is consistently used to apply a principle or describe a parallel action. It extends a command to a new group, as when the instructions for aged women are followed by the exhortation for young men to "likewise" be sober minded Titus 2:6. It is also used to establish parallels in narrative, such as during the Last Supper where Jesus took the cup "Likewise" after the bread, instituting the new testament Luke 22:20. The word can also carry a note of warning, as when Jesus declares that those who fail to repent will "all likewise perish" Luke 13:3.
Several related words help establish context for comparison and continuation:
- G1161 dé (but, and, etc.): This primary particle often works alongside G5615 to provide a smooth transition, indicating that what follows is a continuation or a related point. This is seen when Peter's denial is followed by the statement, "Likewise also said they all" Mark 14:31.
- G2532 kaí (and, also, even, so then, too, etc.): A primary particle with a cumulative force, kaí frequently reinforces the additive nature of "likewise." It emphasizes that the next item is an additional, parallel part of the whole, as seen in Romans 8:26, where the Spirit "Likewise" also helps our infirmities.
- G3825 pálin (anew, i.e. (of place) back, (of time) once more): This adverb signifies repetition. When used with G5615, it underscores a repeated action performed in the same manner, such as when the master of the house sent out servants "Again" and "they did unto them likewise" Matthew 21:36.
The primary function of G5615 is to establish equivalence and ensure the consistent application of a standard.
- Continuity of Standards: The word is crucial for outlining qualifications for church roles. After listing standards for deacons, Paul states, "Even so" must their wives be grave 1 Timothy 3:11. This links the character requirements across different roles within the church. Similarly, it connects behavioral standards for aged women to those for young men (Titus 2:3, Titus 2:6).
- Parallels in Sacred Acts: Its use in the accounts of the Lord's Supper is significant. By taking the cup "After the same manner" as the bread, a direct and intentional parallel is created between the two elements of the ordinance 1 Corinthians 11:25.
- Equality in Consequence: The word ensures that a principle of judgment or outcome applies universally. In the parable of the talents, the servant who received two talents "likewise" gained two more, showing the same principle of faithfulness at work Matthew 25:17. Conversely, the warning of perishing "likewise" extends the same fate to all who do not repent Luke 13:3.
In summary, G5615 is a precise term of extension and equivalence. While a functional adverb, it carries significant weight by ensuring that a command, a narrative action, or a divine principle is applied consistently to a subsequent subject. It demonstrates how standards of conduct, the meaning of rituals, and the consequences of actions are not isolated but are part of a continuous and coherent pattern established in scripture.
TRV