### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **phobéō**, represented by `{{G5399}}`, is derived from φόβος (phóbos) and conveys a range of meanings from being frightened or alarmed to being in awe or reverence. It appears 110 times across 90 unique verses, indicating its significant role in describing both human emotion and a proper posture toward God. Its definition includes to frighten, be alarmed, to be in awe of, and to revere.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G5399}}` is used in several distinct contexts. It frequently appears as a divine command not to be afraid, often delivered by angels or Jesus to provide reassurance in overwhelming situations ([[Luke 1:30]], [[Matthew 14:27]]). Conversely, it describes a natural human response of alarm to supernatural events or perilous circumstances, such as when the disciples **feared** the boisterous wind on the sea [[Matthew 14:30]] or when the centurion **feared** greatly after the earthquake at the crucifixion [[Matthew 27:54]]. Most importantly, the Bible contrasts the fear of man with the fear of God, commanding believers to **fear** not those who can only kill the body, but to **fear** God who has power over the soul [[Matthew 10:28]]. This reverential fear is presented as a component of worship and right relationship with God [[Revelation 14:7]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the multifaceted nature of fear and reverence:
* `{{G5401}}` **phóbos** (alarm or fright): This noun is the root of **phobéō** and refers to the alarm or terror itself. Scripture states that perfect love casts out **fear** because **fear** involves torment [[1 John 4:18]].
* `{{G2292}}` **tharrhéō** (to exercise courage): As a direct contrast to fear, this word denotes confidence and boldness. Believers can **boldly** say the Lord is their helper and they will not **fear** what man can do [[Hebrews 13:6]].
* `{{G5309}}` **hypsēlophronéō** (to be highminded): This term for arrogance is set in opposition to proper, godly fear. Believers standing by faith are explicitly warned not to **be highminded**, but instead to **fear** [[Romans 11:20]].
* `{{G1788}}` **entrépō** (to respect; or in a bad one, to confound): This word for reverence or regard is used to describe a judge who neither **feared** God nor **regarded** man, highlighting a lack of both divine awe and human respect [[Luke 18:2]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5399}}` is profound, shaping the believer's perspective on both God and the world.
* **The Proper Object of Fear:** Scripture makes a critical distinction, redirecting fear away from temporary, human threats and toward God, who holds eternal authority. The command is to **fear** Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell ([[Matthew 10:28]], [[Luke 12:5]]).
* **Reverence and Worship:** Godly fear is not simply terror but a reverential awe that leads to worship and obedience. It is a foundational element of a right relationship with the Almighty, as those who **fear** God are called to give Him glory [[Revelation 14:7]] and are accepted by Him [[Acts 10:35]].
* **Divine Reassurance:** The repeated command "Fear not" is a cornerstone of God's comfort to His people. It is a declaration of His presence and power in moments of uncertainty and trial, spoken by angels to individuals like Zacharias and Mary ([[Luke 1:13]], [[Luke 1:30]]) and by Jesus to His disciples [[Matthew 14:27]].
* **A Motivator for Right Conduct:** The fear of God prompts righteous living. Servants are to obey their masters with "singleness of heart, fearing God" [[Colossians 3:22]], and citizens are to **be afraid** of disobeying governing authorities who are ministers of God's wrath [[Romans 13:4]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5399}}` is a vital biblical term that moves far beyond simple fright. It captures the crucial distinction between unhealthy, worldly anxiety and the holy, reverential awe due to God alone. It serves as both a human emotion to be overcome by faith in God's promises and a righteous disposition to be cultivated as an act of worship. Ultimately, **phobéō** defines the believer's relationship with an all-powerful but loving God, who commands His people to fear Him while simultaneously comforting them with the words, "Fear not."
TRV