### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **phoberós**, represented by `{{G5398}}`, is defined as frightful or formidable. Derived from φόβος (phóbos), it is used objectively to describe something as fearful or terrible. It is a rare term, appearing only **3 times** across **3 unique verses** in the Bible, each instance highlighting a solemn and awe-inspiring reality.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical applications, `{{G5398}}` is consistently used to convey the gravity of encountering the divine, particularly in judgment or manifestation. It describes the outcome of opposing God, stating it is a **fearful** thing to fall into the hands of the living God [[Hebrews 10:31]]. The word is also used to characterize the expectation of divine retribution, referring to a "certain **fearful** looking for of judgment" that awaits adversaries [[Hebrews 10:27]]. Finally, it illustrates the overwhelming power of a divine encounter, as the sight that appeared to Moses was so **terrible** that it caused him to "exceedingly fear and quake" [[Hebrews 12:21]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the scope of what is **fearful** or **terrible**:
* `{{G1630}}` **ékphobos** (frightened out of one's wits): This describes the intense, personal reaction to what is objectively terrible. It is used by Moses to express his state of mind in response to the **terrible** sight [[Hebrews 12:21]].
* `{{G1790}}` **éntromos** (terrified): This word, meaning to tremble, denotes the physical response to a formidable event. It appears alongside ékphobos to show the complete, overwhelming effect the **terrible** sight had on Moses [[Hebrews 12:21]].
* `{{G1706}}` **empíptō** (to fall on, i.e. (literally) to be entrapped by, or (figuratively) be overwhelmed with): This verb describes the action that results in a **fearful** consequence, specifically to **fall** into the hands of the living God [[Hebrews 10:31]].
* `{{G1561}}` **ekdochḗ** (expectation): This term is paired directly with **phoberós** to describe the "fearful **looking for**" of judgment, linking the formidable nature of God's justice to its anticipation [[Hebrews 10:27]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5398}}` is significant, underscoring key doctrines about God's nature.
* **Divine Judgment:** The word establishes the serious consequences of sin and opposition to God. The "fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation" points to a guaranteed and formidable divine response to adversaries [[Hebrews 10:27]].
* **The Power of the Living God:** The declaration that it is a **fearful** thing to fall into God's hands emphasizes His absolute power and sovereignty. It is a warning against treating God's authority lightly [[Hebrews 10:31]].
* **The Awe of God's Presence:** By describing a divine manifestation as so **terrible** it caused Moses to fear and quake, the word highlights the unapproachable and overwhelming holiness of God from a human perspective [[Hebrews 12:21]].
### Summary
In summary, **phoberós** `{{G5398}}` is a potent and focused term. While used sparingly, it serves to articulate the objectively formidable and awe-inspiring nature of God, whether in His holy presence or in His righteous judgment. It acts as a solemn reminder that the power and justice of the living God are truly **fearful** and **terrible** things to encounter unprepared.
TRV