### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek noun ὑποτύπωσις (hypotýpōsis, `{{G5296}}`) is a compound word derived from ὑπό (hypo), meaning "under" or "by," and a derivative of τύπος (typos, `{{G5179}}`), meaning "type," "pattern," or "impression." Etymologically, it suggests something "stamped under" or "laid down as a pattern."
Semantically, hypotýpōsis denotes a preliminary sketch, an outline, a blueprint, or an exemplary model intended for imitation or guidance. It is not merely a general example, but one that serves as a foundational or authoritative guide. The "under" component suggests something placed beneath or before one's eyes as a basis for understanding or action. Its core meaning encompasses the ideas of a "form," "pattern," "example," or "standard" that is to be followed or reproduced.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term ὑποτύπωσις (hypotýpōsis, `{{G5296}}`) appears twice in the New Testament, both times in Paul's pastoral epistles to Timothy, and each context illuminates a distinct yet related aspect of its meaning.
1. **[[1 Timothy 1:16]]**: "However, for this reason I obtained mercy, that in me first Jesus Christ might show all longsuffering, as a **pattern** for those who are going to believe on Him for everlasting life."
In this verse, Paul presents his own dramatic conversion and subsequent life as a living hypotýpōsis of God's boundless mercy and patience. Having formerly been a blasphemer, persecutor, and insolent man, Paul became a recipient of Christ's abundant grace. His transformation serves not merely as an isolated incident but as a tangible, concrete "pattern" or "blueprint" that demonstrates God's willingness to save even the chief of sinners. It is an exemplary case, laid out for all to see, offering hope and encouragement to future believers that they too can experience such redemptive grace. Paul's life functions as a visible, imitable example of God's salvific power.
2. **[[2 Timothy 1:13]]**: "Hold fast the **pattern** of sound words which you have heard from me, in faith and love which are in Christ Jesus."
Here, hypotýpōsis refers to the "pattern" or "standard" of sound doctrine and teaching that Timothy had received from Paul. It is an exhortation for Timothy to cling firmly to the true and healthy teachings passed down by the apostle. This "pattern of sound words" (ὑγιαινόντων λόγων) signifies an authoritative and normative outline of truth, a foundational body of doctrine that is free from error and conducive to spiritual health. It implies that there is a discernible, objective standard of truth that must be preserved, guarded, and faithfully transmitted. Timothy is called to adhere to this established theological framework, which serves as a guide for his own teaching and ministry, ensuring doctrinal purity and continuity.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of ὑποτύπωσις (hypotýpōsis, `{{G5296}}`) is enriched by its relationship to several other Greek terms and theological concepts:
* **τύπος (typos, `{{G5179}}`)**: The root word, meaning "type," "pattern," "example," "mark," or "impression." While typos can refer to any kind of pattern or example, hypotýpōsis specifically denotes a pattern that is laid down as a foundational or authoritative guide for imitation or adherence.
* **παράδειγμα (paradeigma, `{{G3856}}`)**: Meaning "example," "model," or "pattern." Similar in semantic range, but hypotýpōsis often carries the nuance of a preliminary sketch or an authoritative outline that serves as a standard.
* **μορφή (morphē, `{{G3444}}`)**: Meaning "form" or "shape." While hypotýpōsis can be rendered as "form," it emphasizes the functional aspect of a guide or model rather than merely external appearance.
* **κανών (kanōn, `{{G2583}}`)**: Meaning "rule," "standard," or "measuring rod." This concept is closely related to the "pattern of sound words" in [[2 Timothy 1:13]], as it implies a definitive standard by which truth and practice are measured.
* **διδαχή (didachē, `{{G1322}}`)**: "Teaching" or "doctrine." The "pattern of sound words" is essentially a form of didachē that serves as a normative standard.
* **μίμησις (mimēsis, `{{G3402}}`)**: "Imitation." The very purpose of a hypotýpωσις as an example (e.g., Paul's life) is to invite mimēsis from others.
The concepts of exemplar, standard, blueprint, outline, and foundational truth are all intertwined with the meaning of hypotýpωσις.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of ὑποτύπωσις (hypotýpōsis, `{{G5296}}`) is profound, highlighting God's pedagogical methods and the imperative for believers to adhere to divine truth and exemplary living.
1. **Divine Pedagogy and Revelation:** The use of hypotýpōsis underscores God's method of revealing truth and instructing humanity through concrete examples and established patterns. In [[1 Timothy 1:16]], Paul's life becomes a living demonstration of God's boundless grace, patience, and power to transform. This is not abstract theology but a tangible, historical reality that serves as a compelling witness to the Gospel's efficacy. It shows that God does not merely declare principles but embodies them in human experience.
2. **The Importance of Doctrinal Purity:** In [[2 Timothy 1:13]], the "pattern of sound words" emphasizes the critical importance of doctrinal integrity and the preservation of apostolic teaching. This hypotýpōsis serves as an authoritative standard against which all teaching must be measured. It implies that Christian truth is not amorphous or subjective but possesses a discernible, coherent structure handed down by divine inspiration. Adherence to this pattern is essential for maintaining orthodoxy, guarding against heresy, and ensuring the spiritual health of the Church.
3. **Imitation and Discipleship:** Both occurrences of hypotýpōsis implicitly call for imitation. Paul's life as a pattern of mercy invites others to believe and experience similar grace. The pattern of sound words demands not just intellectual assent but faithful adherence in teaching and living. This word thus speaks to the very essence of Christian discipleship: a call to follow an established model, whether in conduct or in doctrine. It implies that the Christian life is not a matter of individual invention but of conforming to a divine standard.
4. **The Authority of Apostolic Tradition:** Especially in [[2 Timothy 1:13]], hypotýpōsis lends weight to the concept of apostolic tradition – not as human invention, but as the divinely revealed and transmitted truth entrusted to the apostles. This "pattern" is foundational for subsequent generations, providing the framework for understanding and proclaiming the Gospel.
### Summary
ὑποτύπωσις (hypotýpōsis, `{{G5296}}`) signifies a "pattern," "example," or "outline" that is laid down as an authoritative guide or model. Its two occurrences in the New Testament reveal its dual application:
1. **As an exemplary life:** Paul's transformed life serves as a living hypotýpōsis of God's mercy and patience, offering a tangible demonstration of salvation for all who believe ([[1 Timothy 1:16]]).
2. **As a doctrinal standard:** The "pattern of sound words" refers to the authoritative body of truth and teaching passed down by Paul, which Timothy is exhorted to guard and adhere to as a normative guide for faith and practice ([[2 Timothy 1:13]]).
Theologically, hypotýpōsis underscores God's use of concrete examples and established truths for instruction and imitation. It emphasizes the importance of both exemplary Christian living and faithful adherence to sound theological standards, ensuring the purity of the Gospel and the integrity of the Church's witness.
TRV