Word Study for G4957 (συσταυρόω)

systauróō /soos-tow-ro'-o/ Ask about this word

Rootfrom σύν and σταυρόω

Meaningto impale in company with (literally or figuratively)

KJV usagecrucify with.

Word Study

In depth

A plain-language study of systauróō — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Greek word systauróō, represented by G4957, is defined as to impale in company with or, more commonly, to crucify with. It appears 5 times across 5 unique verses in the Bible. The term is used to describe both a literal, physical crucifixion alongside someone and a figurative, spiritual union with Christ in his death.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In its biblical usage, G4957 appears in two distinct contexts. The Gospels use it literally to describe the men who were executed alongside Jesus. This is seen in the accounts where thieves were crucified with him (Matthew 27:44; Mark 15:32). This literal use is also present when the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man and "of the other which was crucified with him" John 19:32. The term's deeper, figurative meaning is developed in the epistles, where it signifies the believer's spiritual identification with Christ. This is expressed in passages stating "our old man is crucified with him" Romans 6:6 and the personal declaration, "I am crucified with Christ" Galatians 2:20.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help clarify the meaning and impact of being "crucified with":

G4716 staurós (cross): This is the instrument of the crucifixion. The concept of being crucified with Christ is inseparable from the reality of His cross, which believers are also called to take up Luke 9:23 and in which they glory Galatians 6:14.
G2673 katargéō (destroy, do away, abolish): This word describes the result of being crucified with Christ. In Romans 6:6, the "old man" is crucified with him so that the body of sin might be destroyed.
G4561 sárx (flesh, the body, human nature): This term defines the realm of human existence. After being crucified with Christ, a believer continues to live in the flesh, but this life is now lived by faith in the Son of God Galatians 2:20.
G2608 katágnymi (to rend in pieces, i.e. crack apart:--break): This word is used in the literal account of the crucifixion, where the soldiers came to break the legs of those crucified with Jesus to hasten their deaths John 19:32.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of G4957 is centered on the believer's union with Christ.

Union with Christ in Death: The term establishes that through faith, a believer is joined to Christ G5547 in His death. The declaration "I am crucified with Christ" Galatians 2:20 is a foundational statement of this spiritual reality.
Death to the Old Self: Being crucified with him means the "old man" is put to death, and the "body of sin might be destroyed" Romans 6:6. This is the definitive end of the old life's dominion.
A New Life Initiated: This shared crucifixion is not an end in itself but the necessary prelude to new life. As Galatians 2:20 continues, after being crucified with Christ, "nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ G5547 liveth in me."

Summary

In summary, G4957 is a powerful term that bridges the literal, historical event of the crucifixion with a profound spiritual truth. It moves from describing the thieves on a hill Matthew 27:44 to defining the core of a believer's identity in Christ. To be crucified with Christ is to share in His death, resulting in the "old man" being destroyed Romans 6:6 and enabling a new life of faith lived in the flesh G4561 but animated by the indwelling Christ.

How the KJV Renders It

Translation

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Grammatical Forms

Morphology

In the Greek New Testament, this word appears as a verb across 4 occurrences, inflected in 4 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form.

Aorist Passive Indicative 3rd Singular 1×
Aorist Passive Participle Genitive Singular Masculine 1×
Aorist Passive Participle Nominative Plural Masculine 1×
Perfect Passive Participle Nominative Plural Masculine 1×

Nominative: The subject of the verb.
Genitive: Possession or source — often "of".
Singular: One.
Plural: More than one.
Masculine: Masculine grammatical gender.
3rd: Third person — the one spoken about ("he"/"they").
Aorist: Action viewed as a single whole — usually a simple past event.
Perfect: A completed act whose results continue.
Passive: The subject is acted upon.
Indicative: A plain statement of fact.
Participle: A verbal adjective — describes while carrying the verb's action.

Theographic Context

Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Biblical Distribution

Distribution

Appears in 5 verses across 5 of the 27 books. 5 books tie for most frequent (1 verse each); never once in the other 22.

Matthew

Mark

John

Romans

Galatians

Every Occurrence

Concordance

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.