### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **sýssēmon**, represented by `{{G4953}}`, refers to a **preconcerted signal** or **token**. It appears **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the Bible. Its definition as "a sign in common" indicates a signal that has been arranged and agreed upon in advance by multiple parties.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole biblical appearance of `{{G4953}}` is in the narrative of Jesus's arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane. It is the specific word used for the signal Judas Iscariot established to identify Jesus for the authorities. The one who **betrayed** `{{G3860}}` Jesus **had given** `{{G1325}}` them a **token** `{{G4953}}`, instructing them, "Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he; take him, and lead him away safely" [[Mark 14:44]]. This context firmly anchors the word's meaning to an act of betrayal.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its only context illuminate the purpose and execution of this signal:
* `{{G3860}}` **paradídōmi** (to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit): This word describes the act of betrayal itself. The **token** was the agreed-upon method for Judas to **betray** Jesus [[Mark 14:44]].
* `{{G5368}}` **philéō** (to kiss): This specifies the nature of the preconcerted signal. A **kiss**, normally a sign of affection, was perverted into the **token** for an arrest [[Mark 14:44]].
* `{{G2902}}` **kratéō** (to use strength, i.e. seize or retain): This word indicates the intended result of the **token**, which was to **take** Jesus into custody [[Mark 14:44]].
* `{{G806}}` **asphalōs** (securely): This adverb modifies the command associated with the **token**, stressing the need to lead Jesus away **safely** or securely after He was identified [[Mark 14:44]].
### Theological Significance
The narrative weight of `{{G4953}}` is immense, despite its single use. It highlights several key themes in the Passion account:
* **Premeditated Betrayal:** The use of **sýssēmon** confirms that the betrayal was not a spontaneous decision but a carefully planned action. The **token** was arranged in advance, demonstrating the deliberate nature of Judas's sin [[Mark 14:44]].
* **The Corruption of a Symbol:** The chosen **token** was a kiss `{{G5368}}`, a profound symbol of friendship and love. Its use as a signal for betrayal illustrates the deep, personal violation at the heart of the event.
* **A Sign for Identification:** In a practical sense, the **token** was necessary to single out Jesus from among His disciples, ensuring the correct person was captured and led away [[Mark 14:44]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4953}}` is a precise and potent word, exclusively tied to the betrayal of Jesus. It is not merely a sign, but a "sign in common," a prearranged **token** established for a treacherous purpose. Its singular use in scripture ensures it is forever remembered as the signal that initiated the events leading to the crucifixion.
TRV