### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek verb συντέμνω (syntémnō, `{{G4932}}`) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and τέμνω (temnō), meaning "to cut." The base definition provided, "to contract by cutting," precisely captures this etymological origin. Literally, it means "to cut together," "to cut short," or "to abridge."
Semantically, συντέμνω extends beyond the mere physical act of cutting. Figuratively, it denotes the act of bringing something to a swift, concise, or definitive conclusion. This implies efficiency, decisiveness, and an unhindered progression towards an end. The nuances include:
* **Abridgment/Conciseness:** Reducing something in length or scope.
* **Rapidity/Speed:** Bringing something to an end quickly.
* **Decisiveness/Finality:** Executing a task or judgment with definitive action.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The verb συντέμνω (syntémnō, `{{G4932}}`) appears only once in the New Testament, specifically in [[Romans 9:28]]: "For he will finish the work and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth."
This verse is a quotation from the Septuagint (LXX) version of [[Isaiah 10:23]]. In its original context in Isaiah, the prophet speaks of a remnant of Israel returning, and God's decisive, swift judgment upon the land. Paul quotes this passage in [[Romans 9]] to underscore God's sovereign prerogative in choosing a remnant for salvation, despite the widespread unbelief among Israel.
The phrase "λόγον συντετμημένον" (a cut-short word/work) signifies God's decisive and efficient action. It is not a protracted, drawn-out process, but a divinely ordained and rapidly executed work. The "work" (ἔργον) or "word" (λόγον, depending on the textual variant) that is "cut short" refers to God's plan and purpose, which He will bring to a swift and righteous conclusion on the earth. This implies both a rapid fulfillment of His promises to the remnant and a decisive judgment upon those who reject Him. The speed and finality of God's action are central to the meaning here.
### Related Words & Concepts
* σύν (syn, `{{G4862}}`): The prefix indicating "with," "together," or "completion," underscoring the idea of bringing things to a compact or finished state.
* τέμνω (temnō): The root verb for "to cut," though not found in the New Testament itself, it forms the semantic core of συντέμνω.
* ἔργον (ergon, `{{G2041}}`): "work" or "deed," often the object of God's "cutting short" or bringing to completion.
* πληρόω (plēroō, `{{G4137}}`): "to fulfill," "to complete," or "to bring to an end." While not synonymous, it shares the semantic domain of divine completion, though συντέμνω adds the nuance of speed and conciseness.
* ταχύς (tachys, `{{G5036}}`): "quick" or "swift," which highlights the speed component inherent in συντέμνω.
* δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē, `{{G1343}}`): "righteousness," the attribute of God that governs His decisive action, ensuring that His "cutting short" is always just and morally upright.
### Theological Significance
The singular New Testament occurrence of συντέμνω (syntémnō, `{{G4932}}`) in [[Romans 9:28]] carries profound theological weight.
1. **Divine Sovereignty and Efficacy:** The term powerfully affirms God's absolute sovereignty and the unhindered efficacy of His will. When God determines to act, He does so decisively and brings His purposes to a swift and complete conclusion. His plans are not thwarted or delayed indefinitely; they are "cut short" to their intended end.
2. **Imminence of God's Action:** The "cutting short" conveys a sense of urgency and finality concerning God's dealings with humanity. Whether in judgment or in the fulfillment of salvation, God's actions are not protracted but definitive and imminent. This highlights the seriousness of His decrees and the certainty of their execution.
3. **Conciseness and Righteousness of God's Plan:** The phrase "cut it short *in righteousness*" emphasizes that God's decisive action is always just and perfectly aligned with His holy character. His "work" or "word" is not arbitrary but purposeful, efficient, and morally perfect. It suggests that God's method of bringing about His will is direct and without unnecessary delay or complexity. This concept is particularly relevant in the context of the remnant, showing that God will swiftly and righteously bring His saving purposes to fruition for those He has chosen.
### Summary
συντέμνω (syntémnō, `{{G4932}}`) is a Greek verb meaning "to cut short," "to abridge," or "to bring to a swift and decisive conclusion." Formed from σύν (together) and τέμνω (to cut), it conveys the idea of an efficient and definitive act. Its sole New Testament appearance in [[Romans 9:28]], a quotation from [[Isaiah 10:23]] (LXX), describes God's sovereign and righteous work on the earth. This "cutting short" signifies the unhindered execution of God's will, bringing His purposes to a rapid and conclusive fulfillment. Theologically, συντέμνω underscores God's absolute sovereignty, the efficacy of His divine plan, and the righteous, decisive nature of His actions, whether in judgment or in the swift realization of His promises for His people.
TRV