### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **ptōma**, represented by `{{G4430}}`, refers to a ruin and, more specifically, a lifeless body, corpse, or carrion. Derived from the alternate of πίπτω, it appears **5 times** across **4 unique verses** in scripture, denoting a body that is dead.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G4430}}` is employed to describe bodies in various states. In Revelation, the term appears three times to describe the "**dead bodies**" of the two witnesses, which are left exposed in the street of the great city and denied burial in graves ([[Revelation 11:8]], [[Revelation 11:9]]). It is used as "**carcase**" in the prophetic statement, "wheresoever the **carcase** is, there will the eagles be gathered together" [[Matthew 24:28]]. The word also appears as "**corpse**" in the account of John the Baptist, whose disciples "took up his **corpse**, and laid it in a tomb" [[Mark 6:29]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context to the treatment and location of a `{{G4430}}`:
* `{{G105}}` **aetós** (an eagle): This word is directly linked in the prophecy where **eagles** are gathered to the **carcase** [[Matthew 24:28]].
* `{{G3418}}` **mnēma** (grave, sepulchre, tomb): This term is used in contrast to `{{G4430}}` in Revelation, where the nations do not allow the **dead bodies** to be placed in **graves** [[Revelation 11:9]].
* `{{G3419}}` **mnēmeîon** (grave, sepulchre, tomb): In Mark's account, John the Baptist's **corpse** is respectfully placed in a **tomb** [[Mark 6:29]], showing a proper burial.
* `{{G4717}}` **stauróō** (to impale on the cross; crucify): The location where the **dead bodies** lie in Revelation is identified as the city where "our Lord was **crucified**" [[Revelation 11:8]], linking the site of dishonor to the site of the crucifixion.
### Theological Significance
The use of `{{G4430}}` carries significant thematic weight, often highlighting judgment or reverence.
* **Prophetic Dishonor:** The public exposure of the "dead bodies" in Revelation signifies profound contempt and judgment, a visual sign of the world's hostility [[Revelation 11:9]].
* **Eschatological Sign:** In Matthew, the presence of the "carcase" serves as an unmistakable sign that draws the "eagles," pointing to an inevitable and conspicuous moment of divine reckoning [[Matthew 24:28]].
* **Dignity in Death:** The actions of John the Baptist's disciples provide a stark contrast, as they retrieve his "corpse" and provide a proper burial, an act of honor and respect [[Mark 6:29]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4430}}` is a specific and potent term for a dead body. While its usage is infrequent, it plays a critical role in the passages where it appears. It functions as a powerful symbol, representing the focal point of eschatological judgment in Matthew, an object of public dishonor in Revelation, and a recipient of dutiful respect in Mark. The word illustrates the finality of physical death and the varied responses it can elicit.
TRV