### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **ptōsis**, represented by `{{G4431}}`, denotes a **fall**, specifically a crash or downfall that can be interpreted both literally and figuratively. It appears only 2 times in 2 verses, making each occurrence significant. Derived from the verb πίπτω (píptō), it describes not just the act of falling but the resulting state of ruin or collapse.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The two uses of `{{G4431}}` in scripture illustrate its literal and figurative applications. In the Parable of the Wise and the Foolish Builders, it describes the literal destruction of a house built on a weak foundation: "great was the **fall** of it" [[Matthew 7:27]]. In contrast, Simeon's prophecy over the infant Jesus uses the term figuratively, stating that the child "is set for the **fall** and rising again of many in Israel" [[Luke 2:34]], indicating a spiritual or societal downfall for some as a consequence of His coming.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide a fuller context for the meaning of **ptōsis**:
* `{{G4098}}` **píptō** (to fall (literally or figuratively):--fail, fall (down), light on.): This is the verb from which `{{G4431}}` is derived, signifying the action of falling. Before the great **fall** of the house, the scripture states that "it fell" [[Matthew 7:27]]. It is also used to describe the act of falling in worship [[Matthew 2:11]].
* `{{G2749}}` **keîmai** (to lie outstretched (literally or figuratively):--be (appointed, laid up, made, set), lay, lie.): This word is used to show the divine purpose behind the event. In Simeon's prophecy, Jesus "is set" for the **fall** of many, indicating a preordained outcome [[Luke 2:34]].
* `{{G386}}` **anástasis** (a standing up again, i.e. (literally) a resurrection from death...or (figuratively) a (moral) recovery): This term is set in direct opposition to `{{G4431}}` in [[Luke 2:34]], representing the "rising again" that follows the **fall**, highlighting the dual, divisive effect of Christ's presence.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4431}}` is concentrated in its two powerful applications.
* **Consequence of a Poor Foundation:** The "great **fall**" of the house in [[Matthew 7:27]] serves as a stark warning. It illustrates the catastrophic and total ruin that results from a life or belief system not built upon the solid foundation of Christ's words.
* **The Dividing Nature of Christ:** In [[Luke 2:34]], the word signifies a necessary judgment. Christ is appointed to bring about the **fall** of the proud and self-righteous in Israel, acting as a stumbling stone for some, even as He is the means for the "rising again" of others.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4431}}` is a potent term whose rarity amplifies its impact. It encapsulates the concept of a definitive and often catastrophic collapse. Whether depicting the physical destruction of a house built on sand or the spiritual downfall of those who stand in opposition to God's plan, **ptōsis** marks a point of irreversible ruin and serves as a powerful symbol of the consequences of a faulty foundation.
TRV