### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **prophēteúō**, represented by `{{G4395}}`, means to **foretell events, divine, speak under inspiration, or exercise the prophetic office**. It is derived from προφήτης (prophḗtēs) and appears **30 times** across **27 unique verses** in the Bible. This term captures the act of speaking forth a divinely inspired message.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G4395}}` is used in several key contexts. It refers to the fulfillment of past predictions, as when Jesus states that Esaias **prophesied** concerning hypocrites [[Mark 7:6]]. It is frequently presented as a direct result of the Holy Spirit's influence, such as when Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost and **prophesied** [[Luke 1:67]], or when the Spirit was poured out and sons and daughters began to **prophesy** [[Acts 2:17]]. The Apostle Paul emphasizes its role in building the church, stating that one who **prophesieth** speaks for edification, exhortation, and comfort [[1 Corinthians 14:3]]. In a contrasting context, it is used mockingly toward Christ, who is told, "**Prophesy** unto us, thou Christ, Who is he that smote thee?" [[Matthew 26:68]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the scope of what it means to prophesy:
* `{{G4396}}` **prophḗtēs** (prophet): As the root word, this term for a "foreteller" or "inspired speaker" is foundational. The Old Testament **prophets** are said to have **prophesied** until John [[Matthew 11:13]] and diligently searched for the salvation that was to come [[1 Peter 1:10]].
* `{{G3619}}` **oikodomḗ** (edification): Prophesying is explicitly linked to the goal of building up the church. He that **prophesieth** speaks to men for **edification** [[1 Corinthians 14:3]] and edifies the church as a whole [[1 Corinthians 14:4]].
* `{{G3874}}` **paráklēsis** (exhortation): This is another primary function of prophecy, defined as "imploration, hortation, solace." It is listed alongside edification and comfort as a benefit of prophesying [[1 Corinthians 14:3]].
* `{{G3889}}` **paramythía** (comfort): This word, meaning "consolation," completes the trio of benefits that come from one who **prophesieth**, showing its pastoral and encouraging nature within the community [[1 Corinthians 14:3]].
* `{{G2980}}` **laléō** (to speak): This general verb for speaking is used to describe the action of one who prophesies, as in "he that prophesieth **speaketh** unto men" [[1 Corinthians 14:3]], and is contrasted with other forms of speech like speaking in tongues [[1 Corinthians 14:5]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4395}}` is significant, highlighting key aspects of the Spirit's work.
* **A Sign of the New Covenant:** Prophesying is a promised sign of the last days when God would pour out His Spirit upon all flesh, enabling sons and daughters to **prophesy** [[Acts 2:17-18]].
* **Edification of the Body:** The primary purpose of prophesying in the church is not just prediction but building up the community. Paul encourages believers to covet this gift because it leads to learning and comfort for all ([[1 Corinthians 14:31]], [[1 Corinthians 14:39]]).
* **Divine Revelation:** The term retains its sense of foretelling, as seen when Enoch **prophesied** of the Lord's coming [[Jude 1:14]], and when the high priest unknowingly **prophesied** that Jesus would die for the nation [[John 11:51]].
* **Not a Guarantee of Salvation:** Scripture warns that the act of prophesying, even in Christ's name, is not a definitive proof of genuine faith. Many will claim to have **prophesied** but will be rejected on the last day [[Matthew 7:22]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4395}}` **prophēteúō** encompasses more than just predicting the future. It is a dynamic term describing divinely inspired speech that confirms past scripture [[Mark 7:6]], edifies the present church [[1 Corinthians 14:4]], and foretells future events [[Revelation 11:3]]. As a gift of the Holy Spirit available to believers [[Acts 19:6]], its ultimate purpose is for the building up, exhortation, and comfort of the community [[1 Corinthians 14:3]]. While highly valued, its presence is not an absolute indicator of a person's standing with God, serving as a reminder that spiritual gifts must be accompanied by genuine faith.
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