### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **próphasis**, represented by `{{G4392}}`, is defined as an outward showing or pretext. It is derived from a compound of πρό and φαίνω. It appears **7 times** across **7 unique verses** in the Bible, signifying a false motive or a screen for one's true intentions, translated as **cloke**, **colour**, **pretence**, or **show**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G4392}}` is consistently used to expose actions that are not what they seem. Jesus uses the term to condemn the scribes and Pharisees, who "for a **pretence** make long prayer" while they "devour widows' houses" ([[Matthew 23:14]]; [[Mark 12:40]]; [[Luke 20:47]]). Paul, defending his ministry, asserts that he and his companions never used "a **cloke** of covetousness" [[1 Thessalonians 2:5]]. In the gospel of John, Jesus explains that his coming and speaking to the people means they no longer have a "**cloke** for their sin" [[John 15:22]]. Similarly, it describes the sailors who acted "under **colour**" of casting anchors to hide their attempt to flee their ship [[Acts 27:30]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the concept of outward appearance versus inner reality:
* `{{G5273}}` **hypokritḗs** (hypocrite): Defined as an actor under an assumed character, this term is directly linked to `{{G4392}}` in [[Matthew 23:14]], where **hypocrites** use a **pretence** to mask their wicked deeds.
* `{{G266}}` **hamartía** (a sin): This is the very thing that `{{G4392}}` is often used to conceal. In [[John 15:22]], the **cloke** serves to hide their **sin**.
* `{{G4124}}` **pleonexía** (covetousness): This is another corrupt motive hidden by a false front. Paul insists he did not use a **cloke** to hide his **covetousness** [[1 Thessalonians 2:5]].
* `{{G225}}` **alḗtheia** (truth): This word stands in direct opposition to `{{G4392}}`. In [[Philippians 1:18]], Paul contrasts those who preach Christ in **pretence** with those who do so in **truth**.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4392}}` lies in its consistent exposure of deception and false motivation.
* **False Piety:** The term is used to describe a righteous-looking action that hides a wicked motive. The scribes and Pharisees make long prayers as a "**pretence**" to conceal their exploitation of widows ([[Matthew 23:14]]; [[Luke 20:47]]).
* **A Cloke for Sin and Greed:** `{{G4392}}` can function as a cover for inner corruption. Paul explicitly denies using a "**cloke** of covetousness" [[1 Thessalonians 2:5]], and Jesus states his coming removes the "**cloke** for their sin" [[John 15:22]].
* **The Contrast with Truth:** The word is set against genuine sincerity. In [[Philippians 1:18]], Paul acknowledges that some preach Christ from "**pretence**" `{{G4392}}` and others from "**truth**" `{{G225}}`, highlighting the critical difference between outward action and inward authenticity.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4392}}` is not merely an excuse but a deliberate outward display used to conceal an opposing inner reality. It is used to describe the masking of sin [[John 15:22]], greed [[1 Thessalonians 2:5]], and exploitation [[Matthew 23:14]]. The word serves as a crucial biblical warning against hypocrisy, emphasizing the importance of aligning one's actions with genuine **truth** rather than a deceptive **show**.
TRV