### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **prosochthízō**, represented by `{{G4360}}`, is a term used to describe feeling indignant or **being grieved at** something. It is derived from roots meaning to be vexed with something irksome. It appears **2 times** in **2 unique verses** in the Bible, highlighting a specific type of divine displeasure.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
Both uses of `{{G4360}}` are found in the same chapter of Hebrews. The word describes God's feeling toward a specific generation, with whom he **was grieved** [[Hebrews 3:10]]. This grievance is explicitly connected to a period of forty years and is directed at those who had sinned in the wilderness [[Hebrews 3:17]]. The context reveals that this feeling was a response to the people who would "alway err in their heart" [[Hebrews 3:10]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words in the surrounding text provide a fuller picture of this divine grievance:
* `{{G1352}}` **dió** (therefore, wherefore): This word establishes the reason for the grief, linking it to the preceding context. It is used to introduce the consequence of the people's actions [[Hebrews 3:10]].
* `{{G2036}}` **épō** (to speak or say): This word is used to introduce God's declaration that follows His feeling of being grieved, showing that the grievance leads to a spoken judgment [[Hebrews 3:10]].
* `{{G264}}` **hamartánō** (to sin): This is identified as the direct cause of God being grieved. The question is asked, "was it not with them that had **sinned**?" [[Hebrews 3:17]].
* `{{G4105}}` **planáō** (to err, go astray): This describes the specific behavior that provoked the grievance. God states that the people "do alway **err** in their heart" [[Hebrews 3:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4360}}` lies in what it reveals about God's response to human disobedience.
* **Divine Indignation:** The word illustrates that sin is not merely a violation of rules but something that is personally irksome and vexing to God, provoking a response of being **grieved** ([[Hebrews 3:10]], [[Hebrews 3:17]]).
* **The Heart of the Matter:** God's grievance is specifically tied to the state of the people's hearts. The issue is that they "alway **err** in their heart" [[Hebrews 3:10]], indicating that the root of sin is an internal wandering from God.
* **Sin and Consequence:** The use of `{{G4360}}` is directly linked to the act of sinning. The question in [[Hebrews 3:17]] explicitly connects the forty years of being **grieved** with "them that had **sinned**," showing a direct relationship between the people's actions and God's sustained displeasure.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4360}}` provides a specific and potent description of divine displeasure. While used only twice, its context in Hebrews 3 is powerful, defining God's reaction to the persistent sin of the wilderness generation. It is not a word of passive sadness but of active indignation and vexation in response to a people who continually err in their hearts and whose actions of sin have clear consequences. It reveals that God's judgment is connected to a deep sense of being grieved by disobedience.
TRV