### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **proskephálaion**, represented by `{{G4344}}`, refers to something for the head, specifically a **cushion** or **pillow**. This word is exceptionally rare, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** within the biblical text. Its base definition describes it as something for the head, i.e. a cushion.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{G4344}}` is in the narrative of Jesus calming the storm. He **was** `{{G2258}}` in the **hinder part of the ship** `{{G4403}}`, **asleep** `{{G2518}}` on a **pillow** [[Mark 4:38]]. While a storm rages to the point that the disciples fear they will **perish** `{{G622}}`, Jesus is found in a state of rest. The disciples **awake** `{{G1326}}` him, and in their fear they **say** `{{G3004}}` unto him, "Master, carest thou not that we perish?" [[Mark 4:38]].
### Related Words & Concepts
The context of `{{G4344}}` is clarified by several related words from the scene:
* `{{G2518}}` **katheúdō** (asleep): This word, meaning to **fall asleep**, describes Jesus' state of human rest upon the pillow [[Mark 4:38]]. It is used elsewhere to contrast spiritual watchfulness with sleep [[1 Thessalonians 5:6]].
* `{{G4403}}` **prýmna** (hinder part, stern): This specifies the location of Jesus and the pillow as the **stern of a ship** [[Mark 4:38]]. It is also mentioned in a narrative where the **hinder part** of a ship was broken by waves [[Acts 27:41]].
* `{{G1326}}` **diegeírō** (awake): Meaning to **wake fully** or arouse, this is the action the disciples take toward the sleeping Christ [[Mark 4:38]]. It is the same word used to describe how Jesus **arose** to rebuke the wind [[Mark 4:39]].
* `{{G622}}` **apóllymi** (perish): This word for being lost or destroyed captures the disciples' terror. Their cry that they **perish** [[Mark 4:38]] stands in contrast to the promise that believers should not **perish** but have everlasting life [[John 3:16]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4344}}` comes entirely from its unique context, symbolizing peace in the midst of chaos.
* **The Humanity of Christ:** Jesus' use of a **pillow** demonstrates His full humanity. He **was** `{{G2258}}` tired and needed to **lie down to rest** `{{G2518}}`, even as a storm threatened the boat [[Mark 4:38]].
* **Sovereignty in Rest:** The image of Jesus **asleep** `{{G2518}}` on a **pillow** while his disciples fear they will **perish** `{{G622}}` creates a powerful contrast. His tranquility is not due to a lack of care `{{G3199}}`, but to an underlying authority over creation, which He demonstrates upon being awoken [[Mark 4:39]].
* **A Symbol of Trust:** The presence of the **pillow** highlights a posture of perfect trust. While the disciples are frantic, Jesus rests, embodying the peace that comes from a secure relationship with the Father, a peace that is available to those who cast their care **upon** `{{G1909}}` him [[1 Peter 5:7]].
### Summary
In summary, **proskephálaion** `{{G4344}}` is a word whose significance is derived solely from its single, dramatic appearance. As a simple **pillow**, it becomes a profound symbol, illustrating the humanity of Jesus, His serene trust in the Father, and His sovereignty over the very forces that caused his followers to fear for their lives. It reminds the reader that true rest can be found even in the most turbulent circumstances.
TRV