### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **proenárchomai**, represented by `{{G4278}}`, means **to commence already** or **to begin (before)**. It is a compound word derived from πρό and ἐνάρχομαι. This specific term is quite rare, appearing only **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible, both within the same chapter of 2 Corinthians.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G4278}}` is employed by the Apostle Paul to refer to a previously initiated action. In his letter to the Corinthians, he reminds them of their prior commitment to a collection for the saints, noting that they had **begun before**, not just in the act of doing, but also in their forwardness and willingness [[2 Corinthians 8:10]]. The word also appears in the context of Paul's instruction to Titus, whom he desired to **finish** the work of grace that he had already **begun** among the believers [[2 Corinthians 8:6]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related Greek words help clarify the context in which `{{G4278}}` is used:
* `{{G2005}}` **epiteléō** (to fulfill further (or completely), i.e. execute; by implication, to terminate, undergo): This word stands in direct contrast to `{{G4278}}`. While proenárchomai marks the start, epiteléō emphasizes the need to **finish** or complete the task, as seen in the call for Titus to finish the grace he had begun [[2 Corinthians 8:6]].
* `{{G2309}}` **thélō** (to determine... to wish, i.e. be inclined to): This term highlights the internal disposition behind an action. The Corinthians were commended because they not only began to do the work but were also the first **to be forward** or willing in the matter a year prior [[2 Corinthians 8:10]].
* `{{G4160}}` **poiéō** (to make or do): This common verb for action is linked to `{{G4278}}` to specify what was begun. The Corinthians had **begun before to do**, indicating the initiation of a tangible activity [[2 Corinthians 8:10]].
* `{{G5485}}` **cháris** (graciousness... especially the divine influence upon the heart... gift, grace): This term defines the nature of the work that was started. The collection is not merely a task but is described as a **grace**, which Titus was encouraged to bring to completion [[2 Corinthians 8:6]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4278}}` is found in its contextual application, emphasizing key principles of Christian living:
* **The Importance of Completion:** The use of `{{G4278}}` to mark a past beginning serves primarily to call for a present completion. The initiative is praised, but the ultimate goal is to **finish** the work that was started in faith [[2 Corinthians 8:6]].
* **The Union of Will and Work:** True Christian service begins with a willing heart. Paul highlights that the Corinthians had begun not only **to do** `{{G4160}}` but also **to be forward** `{{G2309}}`, showing that righteous actions spring from a proper internal disposition [[2 Corinthians 8:10]].
* **Stewardship as an Act of Grace:** The undertaking that was **begun before** is explicitly called a **grace** `{{G5485}}`. This frames the act of giving not as a burdensome duty, but as a joyful participation in God's work and an expression of His divine influence.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4278}}` is a specific term whose significance is revealed entirely within its context in 2 Corinthians. While its definition is simply "to begin before," it functions as a crucial starting point for Paul's broader teaching on commitment, follow-through, and the nature of grace-motivated service. It illustrates that a commended beginning finds its true value when it is brought to a faithful conclusion.
TRV