from πρό and αἱρέομαι; to choose for oneself before another thing (prefer), i.e. (by implication) to propose (intend):--purpose.
Transliteration:proairéomai
Pronunciation:pro-ahee-reh'-om-ahee
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word προαιρέομαι (transliterated as *proairéomai*, `{{G4255}}`) is a compound verb derived from πρό (before) and αἱρέομαι (to choose, to take for oneself, `{{G138}}`). Its core meaning therefore signifies "to choose for oneself beforehand" or "to prefer." This implies a deliberate, prior decision or intention, rather than a spontaneous or reactive impulse. The nuance of "choosing for oneself" emphasizes personal agency and volition. By implication, it extends to mean "to propose" or "to intend," highlighting a settled purpose in the heart or mind before an action is undertaken. The word thus conveys a sense of premeditated choice and resolved purpose.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term προαιρέομαι (`{{G4255}}`) appears only once in the New Testament, in [[2 Corinthians 9:7]]. The verse reads: "Each one must give as he has *decided in his heart*, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver." In this context, the word is translated as "decided in his heart" (ESV, NASB) or "purposed in his heart" (KJV).
Paul is instructing the Corinthian believers regarding their contribution to the collection for the saints in Jerusalem. The use of προαιρέομαι here is highly significant. It underscores that the act of giving should not be a result of external pressure, obligation, or mere impulse, but rather an internal, deliberate, and free choice made by the individual. The phrase "as he has decided in his heart" emphasizes that the decision to give, and the amount to give, originates from a personal, prior determination. This internal resolution is contrasted with giving "reluctantly or under compulsion," highlighting the importance of a willing and cheerful spirit. The singular occurrence of this word thus powerfully encapsulates a fundamental principle of Christian generosity: it must be an act of intentional, heartfelt purpose.
### Related Words & Concepts
Understanding προαιρέομαι (`{{G4255}}`) is aided by examining related Greek terms and theological concepts:
* αἱρέομαι (`{{G138}}`): The base verb, meaning "to choose" or "to take for oneself." The prefix πρό adds the crucial element of "before" or "prior."
* προτίθημι (`{{G4388}}`): Meaning "to set before," "to propose," or "to purpose." This word also conveys the idea of a prior intention or plan, often with a public or declared aspect.
* βουλεύομαι (`{{G1011}}`): To "deliberate," "counsel," or "plan." This emphasizes the process of arriving at a decision.
* θέλω (`{{G2309}}`): To "will," "wish," or "desire." While broader, it can encompass the concept of intention or purpose, though perhaps with less emphasis on the prior, settled nature of the decision than προαιρέομαι.
* προορίζω (`{{G4309}}`): To "predetermine" or "predestine." This term carries a stronger sense of divine prior purpose, often in the context of God's sovereign plan.
* The concept of free will and human agency is central to προαιρέομαι, as it highlights the believer's capacity for deliberate, ethical choices in response to God's grace. It also connects to the theological virtue of generosity and the principle of cheerful giving.
### Theological Significance
The singular use of προαιρέομαι (`{{G4255}}`) in [[2 Corinthians 9:7]] carries profound theological weight, particularly concerning Christian ethics and the nature of true worship:
1. **Authenticity of Christian Action:** The word underscores that acts of faith and obedience, especially giving, are to be genuine expressions of an internal resolve, not external pressure. God values the heart's intention more than the mere act itself. This aligns with the New Covenant emphasis on inward transformation over outward compulsion.
2. **Human Volition and Responsibility:** προαιρέομαι affirms the believer's active role and responsibility in their walk with God. It highlights that discipleship involves conscious, deliberate choices, rather than passive conformity. The decision to give is an exercise of spiritual freedom.
3. **The Nature of God's Desire:** By commending giving that is "purposed in the heart," the text implicitly reveals God's desire for worship and service that flows from a willing spirit. God loves a "cheerful giver" precisely because cheerfulness arises from a joyful, intentional decision, reflecting a heart transformed by grace.
4. **Ethical Foundation for Generosity:** This word establishes a foundational principle for Christian stewardship and charity. Giving is not a legalistic duty but a Spirit-prompted, intentional act of love and devotion. It transforms an obligation into an opportunity for joyful participation in God's work.
### Summary
προαιρέομαι (`{{G4255}}`) is a Greek verb meaning "to choose for oneself beforehand," "to prefer," or "to purpose/intend." Its unique New Testament appearance in [[2 Corinthians 9:7]] is highly significant, where it describes the internal, deliberate decision of a believer regarding generous giving. The word emphasizes that true Christian action, particularly acts of charity, must stem from a prior, heartfelt intention rather than compulsion or reluctance. It underscores human agency and responsibility in faith, revealing God's desire for worship and service that flows from a genuine, purposed heart. This single occurrence provides a profound theological insight into the nature of authentic Christian generosity and the importance of intentionality in discipleship.
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