### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **pleonéktēs**, represented by `{{G4123}}`, identifies a person who is **covetous**. Derived from terms meaning "desiring more," it describes someone who is eager for gain, often to the point of being avaricious or a defrauder. This specific term appears **4 times** across **4 unique verses** in the Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G4123}}` is consistently found in lists of vices that characterize those who are in opposition to God's will. It is never used in isolation, but always alongside other serious sins. For instance, believers are instructed not to keep company with a brother who is **covetous** [[1 Corinthians 5:11]]. This same verse places the sin on par with being a fornicator, an idolater, or an extortioner. The term is used to describe both those outside the church and those within who must be disciplined [[1 Corinthians 5:10-11]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words appear alongside `{{G4123}}`, clarifying the context and gravity of covetousness:
* `{{G1496}}` **eidōlolátrēs** (idolater): This word, meaning an image-worshipper, is explicitly equated with a **covetous man** in scripture [[Ephesians 5:5]].
* `{{G727}}` **hárpax** (extortion, ravening): This term for someone rapacious is frequently listed with the **covetous**, highlighting the theme of wrongful and aggressive gain ([[1 Corinthians 5:11]], [[1 Corinthians 6:10]]).
* `{{G4205}}` **pórnos** (fornicator): Defined as a male prostitute or debauchee, this word's inclusion with **covetous** shows that the desire for illicit gain is treated with the same seriousness as major sexual sins [[1 Corinthians 5:11]].
* `{{G2812}}` **kléptēs** (thief): As a stealer, this term is linked with the **covetous**, broadening the concept of taking what is not one's own [[1 Corinthians 6:10]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4123}}` is severe and has significant consequences for a believer.
* **Exclusion from the Kingdom:** Scripture is clear that the **covetous** will not inherit the kingdom of God. This is stated directly in two separate passages, alongside thieves, drunkards, and revilers ([[1 Corinthians 6:10]], [[Ephesians 5:5]]).
* **A Form of Idolatry:** A **covetous man** is explicitly identified as an **idolater** [[Ephesians 5:5]]. This connection reveals that the insatiable desire for more is not merely a character flaw but a form of worship directed at something other than God.
* **Basis for Separation:** The sin of being **covetous** is considered grounds for discipline within the church. Believers are commanded not to associate with or even eat with a fellow believer who is defined by this sin [[1 Corinthians 5:11]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4123}}` denotes a profound spiritual condition, not just a simple desire for possessions. It is a sin that the Bible consistently groups with idolatry, sexual immorality, and theft. The use of **pleonéktēs** serves as a stark warning that a life characterized by the insatiable desire for more is incompatible with a relationship with God and has no place in His kingdom.
TRV