The Greek word anatréphō, represented by G397, means to rear (physically or mentally). It appears 3 times across 3 unique verses in the Bible. Derived from ἀνά and τρέφω, its definition includes the concepts of being brought up or nourished up, indicating a process of development.
In the biblical narrative, G397 is used to describe both physical and educational upbringing. In the case of Moses, he was nourished up in his father's house for three months Acts 7:20. After being cast out, he was taken up and nourished by Pharaoh's daughter as her own son Acts 7:21. In contrast, Paul uses the term to describe his own formative years, stating he was brought up in a city at the feet of Gamaliel and taught according to the law Acts 22:3.
Several related words clarify the concept of being brought up and educated:
- G1080 gennáō (to procreate... beget, be born): This word marks the beginning of life, as seen in Paul being born in Tarsus Acts 22:3 and Moses being born at a specific time Acts 7:20, which precedes the act of being nourished or brought up.
- G3811 paideúō (to train up a child... educate... instruct, learn, teach): This term focuses on the educational aspect of rearing. Paul was brought up G397 and also taught G3811 at the feet of Gamaliel Acts 22:3, showing the connection between physical placement and mental instruction.
- G5207 huiós (a "son"): This word defines the outcome of the nurturing process in Acts 7:21, where Pharaoh's daughter nourished Moses to become her own son.
The theological significance of G397 is seen in how it establishes a foundation for a person's life and calling.
- Providential Upbringing: In the life of Moses, being nourished up first in his father's house Acts 7:20 and then by Pharaoh's daughter Acts 7:21 demonstrates a clear theme of divine preservation and positioning for a future purpose.
- Educational Foundation: Paul's testimony highlights the importance of his training. Being brought up at the feet of Gamaliel Acts 22:3 gave him a deep understanding of the law of the fathers, making him zealous toward God. This rigorous education was a critical part of his identity.
- Holistic Development: The use of G397 for both the physical care of an infant (Moses) and the intellectual training of a scholar (Paul) illustrates that being "reared" encompasses both body and mind, preparing an individual for their role in God's plan.
In summary, G397 anatréphō provides a nuanced understanding of what it means to be reared. It is not limited to a single aspect of development, but applies equally to the physical nourishment of a child like Moses Acts 7:20-21 and the rigorous intellectual and spiritual instruction of a student like Paul Acts 22:3. The word demonstrates how a person's upbringing—whether through family, adoption, or formal education—serves as a critical foundation for their future life and purpose.
TRV