The Greek word patássō, represented by G3960, means to smite or strike. The base definition describes it as an act of knocking, which can be done gently, with a weapon, or fatally. It appears 10 times across 10 unique verses in the Bible, indicating its specific and impactful usage.
In scripture, G3960 is used to describe a range of actions, from a simple nudge to a lethal blow. An angel smote Peter on the side to rouse him from sleep in prison Acts 12:7. In contrast, it depicts violent human action when a disciple struck the high priest's servant with a sword Matthew 26:51, and when Moses smote the Egyptian Acts 7:24. The term also signifies fatal, divine judgment, as when the angel of the Lord smote Herod, who was then eaten by worms Acts 12:23. It is also used prophetically, as when Jesus quotes the scripture, "I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad" Matthew 26:31.
Several related words help clarify the context and consequences of being smitten:
- G1287 diaskorpízō: Meaning to dissipate or scatter (abroad), this word is directly linked to G3960 in the prophecy where the smiting of the shepherd results in the sheep being scattered abroad Matthew 26:31.
- G851 aphairéō: Defined as to remove or cut (smite) off, this term describes the outcome of a strike in Matthew 26:51, where a disciple first struck the servant and then smote off his ear.
- G1634 ekpsýchō: This word, meaning to expire or give up the ghost, shows the fatal result of a divine strike. After an angel smote Herod, he was eaten by worms and gave up the ghost Acts 12:23.
The theological significance of G3960 is evident in its application to both divine and human actions.
- Divine Judgment: The word is frequently a vehicle for divine retribution or power. The two witnesses in Revelation have the power to smite the earth with plagues Revelation 11:6, and the rider on the white horse will smite the nations with a sword from his mouth Revelation 19:15.
- Prophetic Fulfillment: The act of smiting is central to the prophecy Jesus declares about himself. His being smitten as the shepherd is the catalyst for his disciples being offended and scattered Mark 14:27.
- Supernatural Intervention: The term is used to describe the actions of angels, both to deliver Acts 12:7 and to enact judgment Acts 12:23, highlighting a force beyond human capability.
In summary, G3960 is a potent word that conveys an impactful strike. Its meaning is flexible, covering everything from a gentle awakening to a violent attack and a fatal act of God's judgment. Whether used to describe the actions of a disciple, an angel, or the fulfillment of prophecy, patássō consistently signifies a moment of dramatic and decisive action.
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