The Greek word parorgismós, represented by G3950, is defined as wrath or rage. It is derived from παροργίζω. According to biblical usage statistics, it is a very specific term, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse.
The single use of G3950 is found in Ephesians 4:26, which states, "Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath." In this context, parorgismós refers to a state of personal anger or rage that believers are warned against harboring. The command frames this wrath as something distinct from the initial feeling of anger, and something that must be resolved quickly to prevent it from leading to sin.
The meaning of G3950 is illuminated by the words used alongside it in its only appearance:
- G3710 orgízō: Defined as "to provoke or enrage, i.e. (passively) become exasperated:--be angry (wroth)." This verb, meaning to be angry, is presented in Ephesians 4:26 as a feeling that can occur, but it is immediately followed by a command to not sin.
- G264 hamartánō: Defined as "to miss the mark... (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin." This word establishes the critical boundary. While one may "be angry" G3710, allowing that anger to fester into wrath G3950 crosses the line into sinning G264.
The theological instruction surrounding G3950 is highly practical and focused on emotional and spiritual discipline.
- Anger vs. Sin: The verse Ephesians 4:26 makes a crucial distinction between the emotion of anger and the act of sin. It acknowledges that being angry G3710 is a human experience, but it must be controlled so as not to become sin G264.
- The Danger of Lingering Wrath: The specific command to not let the sun go down on one's wrath G3950 frames this type of rage as a spiritual danger. It implies that unresolved anger provides an opportunity for sin to take root.
- A Call to Prompt Reconciliation: By setting a clear time limit on anger, the use of parorgismós underscores the importance of dealing with internal indignation swiftly, rather than allowing it to remain.
In summary, parorgismós G3950, despite its single appearance, provides a vital theological concept. It is not just a synonym for anger, but represents a specific state of prolonged rage or wrath that is explicitly warned against. Its use in Ephesians 4:26 serves as a direct command for believers to manage their anger responsibly, emphasizing quick resolution to prevent the emotion from corrupting into sin.
TRV