The Greek word paríēmi, represented by G3935, means to let by or relax, and is translated as hang down. It appears only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the Bible. Its base definition comes from combining παρά and hiemi (to send). This specific term is used to describe a state of weakness or despondency.
The single biblical use of G3935 is found in an exhortation in Hebrews 12:12. The verse commands believers to "lift up the hands which hang down". This phrase paints a picture of weariness, fatigue, or spiritual discouragement. It is immediately paired with "the feeble knees," reinforcing the imagery of a person on the verge of giving up. The context is a call to renew strength and resolve, rather than letting weakness take over.
Several related words from its singular context in Hebrews 12:12 help clarify its meaning:
- G461 anorthóō (to straighten up): As the direct counter-action to G3935, this word means to lift (set) up. It is the command given to reverse the state of the hands that hang down Hebrews 12:12, and is also used when a woman was "made straight" by Jesus Luke 13:13.
- G3886 paralýō (to loosen beside, i.e. relax (perfect passive participle, paralyzed or enfeebled)): Translated as feeble, this word is used in parallel to describe the state of the knees. It often refers to those who are sick of the palsy Acts 9:33.
- G5495 cheír (the hand): This is the part of the body described as hanging down. The hand figuratively represents power or instrumentality, so letting it hang down implies a cessation of effort. This contrasts with uses where hands are commended to God Luke 23:46 or used for service.
- G1119 góny (the "knee"): Paired with the hands, the feeble knee completes the image of exhaustion. The knee is often associated with postures of worship or submission, such as bowing before God Romans 14:11.
The theological weight of G3935 is tied directly to its metaphorical use for spiritual perseverance.
- Imagery of Weariness: The physical posture of hands that hang down is a powerful metaphor for spiritual fatigue, doubt, or the temptation to abandon one's faith and calling.
- A Call to Action: The word is not presented as a final state, but as a condition to be actively overcome. Its use in Hebrews 12:12 is part of a direct command to "lift up" what has been relaxed, urging believers to find renewed strength.
- Overcoming Weakness: Paired with "feeble knees" G3886, G3935 highlights a condition of weakness that must be addressed. The command to "lift up" G461 signifies that believers are expected to fight against this spiritual listlessness and stand firm.
In summary, G3935 is a highly specific term whose single appearance is rich with meaning. It provides a clear and memorable image of spiritual discouragement. Its context within Hebrews 12:12, however, is not one of finality but of exhortation. It defines a state of being "let by" or relaxed in order to command the opposite: to be made straight, to lift up what has fallen, and to continue with renewed strength and purpose.
TRV