The Greek word oukoûn, represented by G3766, is an affirmative particle used to draw a conclusion, translated as then. It appears only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. Derived from the words οὐ (not) and οὖν (therefore), it functions as an inferential question, essentially asking, "is it not therefore the case that...?"
The single appearance of G3766 occurs in a pivotal exchange between Pilate and Jesus. After hearing Jesus' testimony, Pilate uses this word to make a logical deduction, asking, "Art thou a king then?" John 18:37. Pilate's question, using oukoûn, presses Jesus to confirm the nature of his identity and authority. Jesus' response affirms his status as a king G935 but immediately redefines his kingdom's purpose: to bear witness G3140 to the truth G225.
Several related words from this context help clarify its meaning:
- G935 basileús (a sovereign...king): This is the central term of Pilate's question. Jesus affirms He is a king, but His kingdom's purpose is to bear witness to the truth John 18:37.
- G4091 Pilâtos (Pilate): The Roman governor who utters the word G3766 while interrogating Jesus, representing worldly power and authority John 18:37.
- G225 alḗtheia (truth): Jesus redirects the conversation from earthly kingship to the divine reality of truth, stating His purpose was to bear witness to it John 18:37.
- G3140 martyréō (to be a witness, i.e. testify): Jesus defines the nature of His mission, stating He came into the world to bear witness unto the truth John 18:37.
Though rare, the theological weight of G3766 is significant due to the context of its use. It serves as the catalyst for one of Jesus' most important declarations about His identity and mission.
- Clarifying Christ's Kingship: Pilate's use of then G3766 prompts Jesus to explain that His kingdom is not of this world G2889. Instead, it is centered on His role as the embodiment of truth G225, to which he came to bear witness John 18:37.
- The Confrontation of Authority: The word is spoken by a Roman official G4091 to Jesus G2424, framing a direct confrontation between the highest earthly power and the ultimate divine authority.
- The Universal Call to Truth: Jesus' answer, provoked by this question, culminates in the statement, "Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice" John 18:37. This transforms the political inquiry into a universal spiritual invitation.
In summary, oukoûn G3766 is a precise and impactful word whose sole biblical appearance marks a crucial turning point in the trial of Jesus. While simply meaning then, its usage by Pilate elicits a profound response that defines the nature of Christ's kingship, the source of his authority, and the fundamental choice between the world's power and God's truth G225.
TRV