from ὄρθρος; to use the dawn, i.e. (by implication) to repair betimes:--come early in the morning.
Transliteration:orthrízō
Pronunciation:or-thrid'-zo
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek verb ὀρθρίζω (orthrízō, `{{G3719}}`) is derived from the noun ὄρθρος (orthros, `{{G3722}}`), which signifies "dawn" or "daybreak." Consequently, the core meaning of ὀρθρίζω is "to use the dawn," implying an action undertaken at the very beginning of the day. Its semantic range extends to "to repair betimes," or more commonly, "to come early in the morning." This term conveys a sense of promptness, diligence, and often, an eager anticipation associated with the first light of day. It speaks to an intentional and timely action, distinguishing it from activities that might occur later in the day.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The verb ὀρθρίζω (orthrízō, `{{G3719}}`) appears only once in the New Testament, specifically in the Gospel of Luke:
* **[[Luke 21:38]]**: "And all the people came early in the morning to him in the temple, to hear him."
This singular occurrence is highly significant. The context is the final days of Jesus' earthly ministry, during the Passion Week, as He teaches daily in the Temple. The phrase "came early in the morning" (ὠρθριζον πρὸς αὐτὸν) vividly portrays the eagerness and dedication of the crowds. They did not wait until a convenient hour but sought out Jesus at dawn, demonstrating a profound hunger for His teaching. This act of rising early and traveling to the Temple underscores their prioritization of spiritual instruction and their devotion to the Master. It is a testament to the compelling nature of Jesus' words and the people's earnest desire to receive them. The diligence implied by ὀρθρίζω here contrasts sharply with the spiritual lethargy or indifference that Jesus often encountered.
### Related Words & Concepts
The most direct linguistic relative of ὀρθρίζω (orthrízō, `{{G3719}}`) is its root noun, ὄρθρος (orthros, `{{G3722}}`), meaning "dawn" or "daybreak," which is also found in the New Testament (e.g., [[John 8:2]], [[Acts 5:21]]). Another related term is the adjective ὄρθριος (orthrios, `{{G3721}}`), meaning "early in the morning," which describes the time of day.
Conceptually, ὀρθρίζω connects to broader biblical themes of:
* **Diligence and Readiness:** The act of rising early signifies preparedness and an active pursuit of God's will or word (cf. [[Proverbs 8:17]]).
* **Seeking God:** Throughout Scripture, early morning is often depicted as a time for prayer, meditation, and seeking divine guidance (e.g., [[Psalm 5:3]], [[Mark 1:35]]).
* **Prioritization:** The people's early arrival in [[Luke 21:38]] illustrates the importance they placed on hearing Jesus, putting spiritual nourishment above other daily concerns.
### Theological Significance
Though appearing only once, the use of ὀρθρίζω (orthrízō, `{{G3719}}`) in [[Luke 21:38]] carries profound theological weight. It serves as a powerful illustration of authentic spiritual hunger and discipleship. The crowds' willingness to "come early in the morning" to hear Jesus signifies:
1. **Earnest Pursuit of Truth:** It highlights a genuine desire to receive divine instruction, contrasting with a casual or passive approach to spiritual matters. This diligence reflects a heart open and eager for God's revelation.
2. **Devotion and Prioritization:** Their actions demonstrate a commitment to Jesus and His teachings, placing them at the forefront of their daily lives. It challenges believers to consider what they prioritize and how earnestly they seek spiritual growth.
3. **The Attractiveness of Christ:** The fact that people would consistently rise before dawn to hear Jesus underscores the magnetic power of His person and words. He offered life-giving truth that compelled such dedication.
In essence, ὀρθρίζω, in its singular New Testament context, becomes a paradigm for active, zealous engagement with Christ and His word, serving as an enduring example of what it means to truly hunger and thirst for righteousness.
### Summary
The Greek verb ὀρθρίζω (orthrízō, `{{G3719}}`) means "to come early in the morning" or "to be at dawn," emphasizing promptness and diligence. Its sole New Testament occurrence in [[Luke 21:38]] powerfully depicts the crowds' fervent eagerness to hear Jesus teach in the Temple. This act of rising before dawn to seek out Christ's instruction serves as a profound biblical example of spiritual hunger, devotion, and the prioritization of God's word. It underscores the importance of active and earnest pursuit of divine truth, reflecting a heart truly dedicated to the Master.
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