from ὄρος; mountainous, i.e. (feminine by implication, of χώρα) the Highlands (of Judæa):--hill country.
Transliteration:oreinós
Pronunciation:or-i-nos
Detailed Word Study
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek term ὀρεινός (transliterated *oreinós*, `{{G3714}}`) is an adjective derived from ὄρος (*oros*, `{{G3735}}`), meaning "mountain" or "hill." Thus, its core meaning is "mountainous," "hilly," or "pertaining to mountains." In its New Testament usage, it functions as a feminine adjective, implicitly modifying χώρα (*chōra*), meaning "land" or "country," to denote "hill country" or "highlands." This specific application refers to a region characterized by elevated, often rugged, terrain rather than flat plains or coastal areas. The term precisely describes the geographical nature of the region it denotes, emphasizing its elevated and undulating landscape.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term ὀρεινός (`{{G3714}}`) appears uniquely in the New Testament in [[Luke 1:39]]. The verse states, "In those days Mary arose and went with haste into the hill country, to a town in Judah." This singular occurrence is profoundly significant, setting the stage for one of the most intimate and Spirit-filled encounters in salvation history. The "hill country" (τὴν ὀρεινὴν) specifically refers to the mountainous region of Judea, where Elizabeth, Mary's relative, resided. This journey by Mary, undertaken "with haste," underscores her obedience to the angelic annunciation and her eagerness to share in the divine work unfolding. The arduous nature of travel to a "hill country" further highlights Mary's faith and determination. It is in this elevated, perhaps more secluded, geographical setting that the Holy Spirit moves powerfully, causing John the Baptist to leap in Elizabeth's womb upon hearing Mary's greeting, confirming the presence of the Messiah within Mary. The location is not merely descriptive; it becomes the sacred theater for the initial, Spirit-led recognition between the Forerunner and the Lord.
### Related Words & Concepts
The primary lexical root for ὀρεινός (`{{G3714}}`) is ὄρος (*oros*, `{{G3735}}`), which denotes a "mountain" or "hill" and appears frequently throughout the New Testament. Mountains in biblical narrative often serve as significant locations for divine revelation (e.g., Mount Sinai, Mount of Transfiguration), prayer (e.g., Jesus' retreats to mountains), and pivotal events (e.g., the Sermon on the Mount, the Ascension from the Mount of Olives). The concept of "hill country" (ὀρεινός) is therefore intrinsically linked to these broader biblical themes of elevated places as sites of spiritual import. In the Old Testament, the "hill country" (often rendered from Hebrew terms like הַר, *har*, `{{H2022}}`, or הָרִי, *hari*) frequently refers to the central highlands of Canaan, particularly the tribal territories of Judah and Ephraim. These regions were often strategically important, serving as places of refuge, settlement, and military strongholds (e.g., Hebron, `{{H2275}}`, a city in the Judean hill country). The journey to the "hill country" in [[Luke 1:39]] thus evokes a sense of both geographical reality and a deeper connection to the historical and spiritual landscape of Israel.
### Theological Significance
While primarily a geographical descriptor, the term ὀρεινός (`{{G3714}}`) gains profound theological significance through its unique context in [[Luke 1:39]]. The "hill country" becomes the divinely appointed locus for the first physical encounter between the Incarnate Christ (in Mary's womb) and His forerunner, John the Baptist (in Elizabeth's womb). This meeting, characterized by the Holy Spirit's immediate work, confirms the prophetic word given to both Mary and Zechariah. The journey to this specific, elevated terrain underscores Mary's obedient faith and the Spirit's guiding hand. It suggests a movement away from the ordinary, perhaps hinting at the extraordinary and sacred nature of the events unfolding. The "hill country" is not a grand, urban center, but a more humble, perhaps isolated, setting – a place where God's quiet, yet powerful, redemptive plan begins to manifest in personal encounter and prophetic fulfillment. It highlights God's choice to initiate His kingdom not necessarily in places of human prominence, but in humble settings known only to those called by Him.
### Summary
The Greek term ὀρεινός (`{{G3714}}`), meaning "mountainous" or "hill country," is a precise geographical descriptor derived from ὄρος (`{{G3735}}`, "mountain"). Its singular New Testament occurrence in [[Luke 1:39]] is pivotal, setting the scene for Mary's journey to the Judean highlands to visit Elizabeth. This "hill country" becomes the sacred backdrop for the Spirit-filled encounter between the mothers of the Messiah and His forerunner, marking a crucial moment of divine recognition and prophetic fulfillment. While geographically descriptive, the term imbues the narrative with a sense of purposeful movement to a significant, albeit humble, location where God's redemptive plan unfolds through faith and divine orchestration.
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