### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **oneidízō**, represented by `{{G3679}}`, describes the act of defaming, railing at, or taunting. It is often translated as to **reproach**, **revile**, or **upbraid**. This term appears 11 times in 10 unique verses, carrying a strong sense of scorn and sharp criticism.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G3679}}` is used in several distinct contexts. Believers are described as blessed when they are **reviled** for following Christ ([[Matthew 5:11]], [[1 Peter 4:14]]). Jesus himself uses the term to **upbraid** cities for their failure to repent in light of his mighty works [[Matthew 11:20]] and to **upbraid** the eleven disciples for their unbelief and hardness of heart [[Mark 16:14]]. In a display of ultimate contempt, the thieves crucified with Jesus also **reviled** him ([[Mark 15:32]], [[Matthew 27:44]]). Conversely, the word is used to highlight God's gracious character, as He gives wisdom to all without finding fault or **upbraiding** [[James 1:5]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the meaning and context of `{{G3679}}`:
* `{{G3680}}` **oneidismós** (contumely:--reproach): This is the noun form, signifying the reproach itself. It is used to describe the **reproaches** that fell upon Christ on our behalf [[Romans 15:3]] and the **reproach** believers may bear when following him [[Hebrews 13:13]].
* `{{G1377}}` **diṓkō** (to pursue... to persecute): This word often appears alongside `{{G3679}}` to describe the hostility faced by believers, such as when Jesus says they will be blessed when men **revile** and **persecute** them [[Matthew 5:11]].
* `{{G3340}}` **metanoéō** (to think differently or afterwards... repent): This word provides the reason for Christ’s rebuke in [[Matthew 11:20]], where he began to **upbraid** the cities because they did not **repent**.
* `{{G987}}` **blasphēméō** (to vilify; specially, to speak impiously... revile, speak evil): In [[1 Peter 4:14]], this word is contrasted with the believer's experience. While they are **reproached** for Christ, on the part of their accusers, Christ is **evil spoken of** (blasphemed).
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3679}}` is significant, touching on key Christian doctrines.
* **The Nature of Persecution:** To be **reproached** for the name of Christ is presented not as a mark of shame but as a reason for happiness, because it signifies that the Spirit of God rests upon the believer [[1 Peter 4:14]]. It is an expected part of the Christian life [[1 Timothy 4:10]].
* **A Call to Repentance:** The act of **upbraiding** by Jesus is not a petty insult but a righteous rebuke aimed at confronting unbelief [[Mark 16:14]] and calling people to **repent** [[Matthew 11:20]].
* **Christ's Vicarious Suffering:** The word is used to show Christ's identification with humanity's dishonor. The **reproaches** of those who **reproached** God fell on Him [[Romans 15:3]], and he endured being **reviled** by those crucified with him [[Mark 15:32]].
* **The Generosity of God:** God's character stands in stark opposition to human reproach. He gives generously and "upbraideth not," highlighting a divine nature that invites relationship rather than driving people away with scorn [[James 1:5]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3679}}` is a powerful word that captures the harsh reality of scorn and rebuke. It defines both the unjust hostility believers face from the world and the just chastisement from Christ intended to produce faith and repentance. Ultimately, it serves to contrast the failings of humanity with the perfect, non-reproachful character of God, who offers His gifts freely.
TRV