The Greek word metriopathéō, represented by G3356, means to be moderate in passion, i.e. gentle (to treat indulgently):--have compassion. This term is exceptionally specific, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the entire Bible. Its singular use highlights a particular kind of gentle compassion rooted in a shared understanding of human weakness.
The sole appearance of G3356 is in the description of the high priest in Hebrews 5:2. The text states that a priest is one who can have compassion on the ignorant and on those who are out of the way. This capacity for gentle dealing is not arbitrary; it is grounded in the fact that the priest himself "is compassed with infirmity" Hebrews 5:2. The word, therefore, links the ability to show compassion directly to the experience of personal frailty.
Several related words in its context illuminate the meaning of G3356:
- G50 agnoéō (not to know; ignorant): This defines one of the groups toward whom compassion is directed. It refers to those who act wrongly out of a lack of knowledge or understanding, such as those who are "ignorant of God's righteousness" Romans 10:3.
- G4105 planáō (to roam from safety, truth, or virtue; go astray): This describes the second group, those who wander from the correct path. Scripture uses this word to describe believers as "sheep going astray" 1 Peter 2:25 and warns against being deceived Galatians 6:7.
- G769 asthéneia (feebleness; infirmity, weakness): This word provides the basis for the priest's compassion. It signifies a shared state of moral frailty or weakness, a condition the Spirit helps with in our own lives Romans 8:26.
The theological weight of G3356 is significant, establishing a model for ministry and intercession.
- Compassion from Shared Experience: The word's usage in Hebrews 5:2 shows that true spiritual leadership requires a gentle response to failure, born not from a position of superiority, but from the recognition of one's own weakness G769.
- A Focus on the Erring: The compassion of G3356 is specifically aimed at those who are ignorant G50 and those who go astray G4105. It is a grace extended to those who have failed, rather than a fellowship among the perfect.
- A Priestly Requirement: For the author of Hebrews, the ability to have compassion G3356 is a non-negotiable qualification for a priest who stands between God and humanity, precisely because he is also subject to infirmity.
In summary, G3356 offers a profound definition of compassion that is far more than simple pity. It describes a temperate, gentle handling of others' faults that is only possible through an awareness of one's own frailty. Its single use in Scripture powerfully illustrates that the foundation for effective spiritual mediation is a shared understanding of human weakness.
TRV