### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **anankastōs**, represented by `{{G317}}`, is an adverb meaning **by constraint** or **compulsorily**. Derived from a word meaning to compel, its usage in scripture is highly specific. It appears only **1 time** in the Bible, within **1 unique verse**, making its single appearance particularly significant.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole use of `{{G317}}` is found in an instruction regarding spiritual leadership. In [[1 Peter 5:2]], leaders are admonished to "Feed the flock of God," undertaking this oversight **not** **by constraint**, but with a willing spirit. The word is used to define a negative motivation—acting out of a feeling of being forced or compelled rather than from a voluntary desire to serve. It stands in direct opposition to the ideal of joyful and willing service.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several words used in the same verse clarify the meaning of serving without constraint:
* `{{G1596}}` **hekousíōs** (willingly): This adverb, defined as "voluntarily," is used as the direct antonym to `{{G317}}`. It establishes the primary positive motivation for service [[1 Peter 5:2]].
* `{{G147}}` **aischrokerdōs** (for filthy lucre): Meaning "sordidly," this word describes another improper motivation for leadership—serving for dishonorable financial gain. It is contrasted with having a ready mind [[1 Peter 5:2]].
* `{{G4290}}` **prothýmōs** (of a ready mind): This adverb, meaning "with alacrity," complements "willingly" and describes the eager and cheerful attitude with which oversight should be performed [[1 Peter 5:2]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G317}}` is concentrated in its single context, which sets a high standard for the motivation behind Christian ministry.
* **Rejection of Forced Service:** The explicit command to serve "not by constraint" establishes a core principle that service to God `{{G2316}}` should not be a burdensome or forced obligation.
* **The Nature of a Willing Heart:** By contrasting compulsion with willingness `{{G1596}}` and readiness `{{G4290}}`, the scripture emphasizes that the internal disposition of a leader is of critical importance. God desires service that flows from a voluntary and eager heart.
* **Purity of Motive:** The use of `{{G317}}` alongside the prohibition against serving for "filthy lucre" `{{G147}}` frames the discussion around the purity of one's intentions. Leadership must be free from both external compulsion and selfish internal desires.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G317}}` is a concise and potent term whose rarity amplifies its impact. Its one appearance in [[1 Peter 5:2]] provides a crucial definition of godly leadership, teaching that overseeing the "flock" `{{G4168}}` of God is an act that must be undertaken voluntarily and eagerly, not **by constraint**. This highlights the biblical ideal that service should be a joy and a calling, not a compulsory duty.
TRV